Quantitative Change of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Leading to Final Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Loss in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Receiving Nucleos(t)ide Analogs in China.

Introduction: Loss of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is the pivotal component of functional cure in patients suffering from chronic hepatitis B (CHB). The predictive value of quantitative HBsAg (qHBsAg) in HBsAg loss among those undergoing nucleos(t)ide analog (NAs) therapy is an area of ongoing investigation.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study using electronic medical records was performed.

Investigating Pulmonary Neutrophil Responses to Inflammation in Mice via Flow Cytometry.

Neutrophils play a crucial role in maintaining lung health by defending against infections and participating in inflammation processes. Here we describe a detailed protocol for evaluating pulmonary neutrophil phenotype using a murine model of sterile inflammation induced by the fungal cell wall particle zymosan. We provide step-by-step instructions for the isolation of single cells from both lung tissues and airspaces, followed by comprehensive staining techniques for both cell surface markers and intracellular components.

Shexiang Tongxin dropping pill ameliorates microvascular obstruction via downregulating ALOX12 after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion.

Background: Microvascular dysfunction (MVD) is common in patients with myocardial infarction receiving reperfusion therapy and is associated with adverse cardiac prognosis. Accumulating evidence suggests a protective role of Shexiang Tongxin dropping pill (STDP) in MVD. However, the specific effects and the underlying mechanisms of STDP in the context of MVD after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) remains unclear.

DIPAN: Detecting personalized intronic polyadenylation derived neoantigens from RNA sequencing data.

Intronic polyadenylation (IPA) refers to a particular type of alternative polyadenylation where a gene makes use of a polyadenylation site located within its introns. Aberrant IPA events have been observed in various types of cancer. IPA can produce noncoding transcripts or truncated protein-coding transcripts with altered coding sequences in the resulting protein product.

Clinical Characteristics of Children With Foreign Bodies in the Digestive Tract and Analysis of Risk Factors for Serious Complications.

Foreign bodies (FBs) in the digestive tract are common in children, we analyzed the clinical characteristics of children with FBs in the digestive tract and discuss the risk factors for serious complications. We retrospectively reviewed clinical data of 139 children with FBs in the digestive tract. Based on the severity of complications caused by FBs, the patients were divided into risk and general groups for analysis and comparison.

Pulmonary Veins Function as Echo Chambers in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: Circuitous Re-Entry Generates Outgoing Wavefronts.

Background: Although the substrate in persistent atrial fibrillation (PeAF) is not limited to the pulmonary veins (PVs), PV isolation (PVI) remains the cornerstone ablation strategy.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the mechanism of outgoing wavefronts (WFs) originating in the PV sleeves during PeAF.

Methods: Eleven patients presenting for first-time PeAF ablation were recruited (mean age 63.

Enhancing extracellular monascus pigment production in submerged fermentation with engineered microbial consortia.

In this study, we investigated the impact of microbial interactions on Monascus pigment (MP) production. We established diverse microbial consortia involving Monascus purpureus and Lactobacillus fermentum. The addition of Lactobacillus fermentum (4% at 48 h) to the submerged fermentation of M.

Comprehensive characterization of somatic mutations associated with chimeric RNAs in human cancers.

Chimeric RNAs, which can arise from gene recombination at the DNA level or non-canonical splicing events at the RNA level, have been identified as important roles in human tumors. Dysregulated gene expression caused by somatic mutations and altered splicing patterns of oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes can contribute to the development of tumors. Therefore, investigating the formation mechanism of chimeric RNAs via somatic mutations is critical for understanding tumor pathogenesis.

An atlas of cell-type-specific interactome networks across 44 human tumor types.

Background: Biological processes are controlled by groups of genes acting in concert. Investigating gene-gene interactions within different cell types can help researchers understand the regulatory mechanisms behind human complex diseases, such as tumors.

Methods: We collected extensive single-cell RNA-seq data from tumors, involving 563 patients with 44 different tumor types.

Lamin A/C mediates microglial activation by modulating cell proliferation and immune response.

Lamin A/C is involved in macrophage activation and premature aging, also known as progeria. As the resident macrophage in brain, overactivation of microglia causes brain inflammation, promoting aging and brain disease. In this study, we investigated the role of Lamin A/C in microglial activation and its impact on progeria using Lmna mice, primary microglia, Lmna knockout (Lmna-KO) and Lmna-knockdown (Lmna-KD) BV2 cell lines.

Economic evaluation of stent retrievers in basilar artery occlusion: An analysis from Chinese healthcare system perspective.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the cost-effectiveness of stent retriever (SR) versus best medical management (BMM) in patients with basilar artery occlusion (BAO) in China.

Methods: We used a two-step approach to compare the cost-effectiveness of SR plus BMM with that of BMM alone over 20 years. A decision tree was initially constructed for the first 3 months, followed by a Markov model for the subsequent period.

MicroRNA-200 Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles Promote Intestinal Epithelium Regeneration in Canonical MicroRNA-Deficient Mice.

Intestinal epithelium undergoes regeneration after injuries, and the disruption of this process can lead to inflammatory bowel disease and tumorigenesis. Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) residing in the crypts are crucial for maintaining the intestinal epithelium's homeostasis and promoting regeneration upon injury. However, the precise role of DGCR8, a critical component in microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis, in intestinal regeneration remains poorly understood.

Circular RNAs in vascular diseases.

Vascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and are urgently in need of diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic strategies. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a unique class of RNAs characterized by a circular loop configuration and have recently been identified to possess a wide variety of biological functions. CircRNAs exhibit exceptional stability, tissue specificity, and are detectable in body fluids, thus holding promise as potential biomarkers.

Stable Hexaazatrinaphthalene-Based Planar Polymer Cathode Material for Organic Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Organic materials have garnered intensive focus as a new group of electrodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, many reported organic electrodes so far still exhibit unsatisfying cycling stability because of the dissolution in the electrolytes. Herein, a novel azo-linked hexaazatrianphthalene (HATN)-based polymer (AZO-HATN-AQ) is designed and fabricated by the polymerization of trinitrodiquinoxalino[2,3-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (HATNTN) and 2,6-diaminoanthraquinone (DAAQ).

AGEs promote atherosclerosis by increasing LDL transcytosis across endothelial cells via RAGE/NF-κB/Caveolin-1 pathway.

Objective: To elucidate the mechanism whereby advanced glycation end products (AGEs) accelerate atherosclerosis (AS) and to explore novel therapeutic strategies for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

Methods And Results: The effect of AGEs on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) transcytosis across endothelial cells (ECs) was assessed using an in vitro model of LDL transcytosis. We observed that AGEs activated the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) on the surface of ECs and consequently upregulated Caveolin-1, which in turn increased caveolae-mediated LDL transcytosis and accelerated AS progression.

Epigenetic landscape reveals MECOM as an endothelial lineage regulator.

A comprehensive understanding of endothelial cell lineage specification will advance cardiovascular regenerative medicine. Recent studies found that unique epigenetic signatures preferentially regulate cell identity genes. We thus systematically investigate the epigenetic landscape of endothelial cell lineage and identify MECOM to be the leading candidate as an endothelial cell lineage regulator.

Effect of lipoxin A4 on the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells under lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory conditions.

Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) has been identified as the braking signal of inflammation, but the specific role of LXA4 in regulating the regenerative potential of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate whether and, if so, how LXA4 improves the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory environment. We detected the effects of LXA4 on the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs in vitro and explored the bone regenerative potential of LXA4-treated inflammatory PDLSCs in vivo using a calvarial critical sized defect model in male rats.

Combination model of neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein ratio and system inflammation response index is more valuable for predicting peripheral arterial disease in type 2 diabetic patients: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Neutrophil/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio (NHR), monocyte/HDL ratio (MHR), lymphocyte/HDL ratio (LHR), platelet/HDL ratio (PHR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), system inflammation response index (SIRI), and aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI) have been recently investigated as novel inflammatory markers. Herein, the correlation was investigated between these inflammatory biomarkers and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.

Methods: In this retrospective observational study, the hematological parameter data of 216 T2DM patients without PAD (T2DM-WPAD) and 218 T2DM patients with PAD (T2DM-PAD) at Fontaine stages II, III or IV stage had been collected.

Remnant cholesterol is independently asssociated with an increased risk of peripheral artery disease in type 2 diabetic patients.

Background: Remnant cholesterol (RC) has been correlated with a higher risk of atherosclerosis. It has been confirmed that in the general population, an elevated RC level is related to a 5-fold higher risk of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Diabetes is one of the strongest risk factors for PAD development.

Scavenger receptor a mediates glycated LDL transcytosis across endothelial cells to promote atherosclerosis.

Glycated low-density lipoprotein (G-LDL) is an established proatherosclerotic factor, but the mechanism is not completely understood. In vitro, we evaluated the uptake and transcytosis rates of N-LDL and G-LDL in endothelial cells and the uptake and transcytosis rates of G-LDL were much higher than those of N-LDL. Then, using small interfering RNAs, the receptor mediating G-LDL uptake and transcytosis was screened among eight candidate receptors, and the mechanism of the receptor regulation was thoroughly examined.

Dose titration of osmotic release oral system methylphenidate in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Osmotic release oral system methylphenidate (OROS-MPH) is one of the most commonly used medication for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), however, real-world knowledge on OROS-MPH dose titration has been limited. This study aims to summarize and visualise the OROS-MPH titration patterns in children and adolescents with ADHD in the United States (US) and Japan.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used the US IBM® MarketScan® Commercial Claims and Encounters database from 2000 to 2019 and the Japan Medical Data Centre database from 2008 to 2019.

Identification and characterization of novel carboxyl ester lipase gene variants in patients with different subtypes of diabetes.

Introduction: Mutations of gene were first reported to cause a new type of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) denoted as MODY8 and then were also found in patients with type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, its genotype-phenotype relationship has not been fully determined and how carboxyl ester lipase (CEL) variants result in diabetes remains unclear. The aim of our study was to identify pathogenic variants of in patients with diabetes and confirm their pathogenicity.

Research on the variants of FGFR1 and CEP290 genes in idiopathic hypogonadotropin hypogonadism.

Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) is a rare endocrine disease characterized by gonadal dysplasia. According to whether the sense of smell is affected, this disorder is classified into Kallmann syndrome (KS) and normosmic isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH). In this study, we reported a case of nIHH patient and explored the pathogenic mechanism of FGFR1 in nIHH.