The AREB transcription factor SaAREB6 promotes drought stress-induced santalol biosynthesis in sandalwood.

Sandalwood (), a culturally significant and economically valuable horticultural species, is renowned for its heartwood and essential oils enriched with sesquiterpene compounds such as santalol. Despite progress in elucidating the biosynthetic pathway of these valuable metabolites, the transcriptional regulation of this process, particularly under abiotic stress conditions, remains largely unexplored. Under drought conditions, we observed a marked increase in expression, paralleled by elevated levels of santalols.

Efficacy and safety of newer-generation antidepressants medications in Parkinson's disease with depression - A meta-analysis of randomized controllde trials.

Background: Depression is common as non-motor symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD). Evidence of antidepressants for PD with depression remain unclear. This meta-analysis examines the efficacy and tolerability of newer-generation antidepressants for PD with depression.

Clinical efficacy and safety of proton radiotherapy for ocular conjunctival malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The use of proton beam therapy (PBT) for treating ocular conjunctival malignancies is on the rise across numerous medical centers. This study conducts a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness and safety of PBT in treating malignant conjunctival tumors.

Methods: We searched for studies on PBT for ocular conjunctival malignancies in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science (WoS) databases up to November 25, 2023.

Single-cell transcriptomics reveals a compartmentalized antiviral interferon response in the nasal epithelium of mice.

Type III interferons (IFNs) primarily act on epithelial cells and protect against virus infection of the mucosa, whereas type I IFNs act more systemically. To date, it has been unknown which epithelial subtypes in the upper airways, the primary site for initial infection for most respiratory viruses, primarily rely on type III IFN or type I IFNs for antiviral protection. To address this question, we performed a single-cell transcriptomics analysis of the epithelial IFN-mediated response focusing on the upper airways of mice.

Sorbitol induces flavonoid accumulation as a secondary signal via the nanoencapsulated SPc/lncRNA809-MmNAC17 module against Alternaria alternata in Malus micromalus.

Sorbitol is an important primary metabolite that serves as both a carbon source and signal to pathogens. The leaf diseases caused by Alternata alternata are particularly serious in crabapple (Malus micromalus). Here, we found that sorbitol can enhance the resistance of crabapple to A.

Glucocorticoid receptor suppresses GATA6-mediated RNA polymerase II pause release to modulate classical subtype identity in pancreatic cancer.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal cancer with a 5-year survival rate of 12%. It has two major molecular subtypes: classical and basal, regulated by the master transcription factors (MTFs) GATA6 and ΔNp63, respectively.

Objective: This study sought to uncover the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms controlling PDAC subtype identity.

Nanopore RNA direct sequencing identifies that mA modification is essential for sorbitol-controlled resistance to Alternaria alternata in apple.

Sorbitol, a main photosynthate and transport carbohydrate in all tree fruit species in Rosaceae, acts as a signal controlling resistance against Alternaria (A.) alternata in apple by altering the expression of the MdNLR16 resistance gene via the MdWRKY79 transcription factor. However, it is not known if N-methyladenosine (mA) methylation of the mRNAs of these genes participates in the process.

Targeting CHEK1: Ginsenosides-Rh2 and Cu2O@G-Rh2 nanoparticles in thyroid cancer.

Thyroid cancer (THCA) is an increasingly common malignant tumor of the endocrine system, with its incidence rising steadily in recent years. For patients who experience recurrence or metastasis, treatment options are relatively limited, and the prognosis is poor. Therefore, exploring new therapeutic strategies has become particularly urgent.

Integration of untargeted lipidomics and targeted metabolomics revealed the mechanism of flavor formation in lightly cured sea bass driven via salt.

Salt enhances flavor and salinity in Chinese curing; however, excessive use can pose health risks, while reducing NaCl may harm taste. This study utilized targeted and untargeted metabolomics to investigate the intrinsic molecular mechanisms that drive flavor formation in cured sea bass subjected to salt. Glycine, succinic acid, lactic acid and uridine significantly contributed to the taste profile of the cured sea bass.

A linker histone acts as a transcription factor to orchestrate malic acid accumulation in apple in response to sorbitol.

High carbohydrate availability promotes malic acid accumulation in fleshy fruits, but the underlying mechanism is not known. Here, we show that antisense repression of ALDOSE-6-PHOSPHATE REDUCTASE in apple (Malus domestica) decreases the concentrations of sorbitol and malate and the transcript levels of several genes involved in vacuolar malate transport, including the aluminum-activated malate transporter (ALMT) gene MdALMT9 (Ma1), the P-ATPase gene MdPH5, the MYB transcription factor gene MdMYB73, and the cold-induced basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor gene MdCIbHLH1, in fruit and leaves. We identified a linker histone H1 variant, MdH1.

Single-cell RNA-seq reveals as a prognostic biomarker in low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma.

Background: Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LG-ESS) is a rare uterine malignancy characterized by its complex tumor microenvironment (TME) and high recurrence rates, posing challenges to accurate prognosis and effective treatment. Identifying prognostic biomarkers is essential for improving patient stratification and guiding therapeutic strategies.

Methods: Using single-cell transcriptome analysis combined with H&E and multiplex immunofluorescence staining, we identified a subpopulation of tumor cells in LG-ESS and further validated the association of this subpopulation and its characteristic genes with LG-ESS prognosis by molecular characterization and bulk transcriptome data.

Efficacy and tolerability of antidepressants monotherapy for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are common and difficult to manage. Although experimental data suggest that antidepressants may reduce BPSD, the results are inconclusive. To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of antidepressants monotherapy for treating BPSD.

Identification of Potential Biomarkers and Pathways in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Correlation Between the Calcineurin Signaling Pathway and Vascular Brittleness in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Objective: In this study, clinical bioinformatics analysis was used to identify potential biomarkers of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) occurrence and development, drug resistance, and poor prognosis to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of AML.

Methods: On the basis of the TCGA, GEO, and GTEx databases, an AML secondary database was established, and differential expression analysis and WGCNA were carried out to identify genes related to the prognosis of AML patients. Survival analysis was carried out for internal verification of key genes, and GEO data were used for external verification to obtain core genes related to prognosis.

Clinical and Genetic Analysis of 8 Children With Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency: Two Novel Mutations.

Background And Objectives: Cases and studies of neurologic symptoms in children caused by genetic metabolic diseases have been widely reported. Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD) is the most common urea cycle disorder, which is due to mutations in the OTC gene located on chromosome Xp21.1.

Proton beam therapy for craniopharyngioma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Craniopharyngioma is a rare and slow-growing benign sellar or parasellar epithelial tumor. The number of patients receiving proton beam therapy (PBT) has increased. This study aimed to systematically evaluate and analyze the comprehensive evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of PBT for craniopharyngioma.

Unveiling novel regulatory mechanisms of miR-5195-3p in pelvic organ prolapse pathogenesis†.

Pelvic organ prolapse is a condition that significantly affects women's quality of life. The pathological mechanism of pelvic organ prolapse is not yet fully understood, and its pathogenesis is often caused by multiple factors, including the metabolic imbalance of the extracellular matrix. This study aims to investigate the role of miR-5195-3p, a microRNA, in the pathology of pelvic organ prolapse and its regulatory mechanism.

Superhydrophobic Porous Cylindrical Barrel Founded on Stainless-Steel Mesh for Interfacial Water Evaporation.

Superhydrophobic materials have been widely applied in oil-water separation, self-cleaning, antifouling, and drag reduction; however, their role in liquid evaporation and drying remains unexplored. Inspired by the microstructure of the nonwetting legs of water striders, we designed a low-adhesion superhydrophobic cylindrical barrel (CB) derived from stainless-steel mesh (SSM) to enhance liquid thermal evaporation and drying. The CB was created by hydrothermally depositing zinc oxide (ZnO) with multilevel morphologies onto metal wires, followed by modification with low-surface-energy stearic acid (SA).

Cathepsin B promotes Aβ proteotoxicity by modulating aging regulating mechanisms.

While the activities of certain proteases promote proteostasis and prevent neurodegeneration-associated phenotypes, the protease cathepsin B (CTSB) enhances proteotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease (AD) model mice, and its levels are elevated in brains of AD patients. How CTSB exacerbates the toxicity of the AD-causing Amyloid β (Aβ) peptide is controversial. Using an activity-based probe, aging-altering interventions and the nematode C.

A time-course transcriptomic analysis reveals the key responses of a resistant rice cultivar to brown planthopper infestation.

The brown planthopper (BPH) is one of the most problematic pests affecting rice (Oryza sativa L.) yields in Asia. Breeding rice varieties containing resistance genes is the most economical and effective means of controlling BPH.

Integrated Transcriptome and Metabolome Analysis Revealed the Key Role of the Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Olive Defense Against Alternaria alternata.

The olive tree is an important oil woody plant with high economic value, yet it is vulnerable to the attack of numerous fungi. The successful control of olive fungal diseases requires a comprehensive understanding of the disease resistance mechanisms in plants. Here, we isolated Alternaria alternata from the diseased leaves of olive plants, and screened a resistant ("Leccino") and susceptible ("Manzanilla de Sevilla") cultivar from eight olive cultivars to explore their resistance mechanisms.

General Condition for Polymer Cononsolvency in Binary Mixed Solvents.

Starting from a generic model based on the thermodynamics of mixing and abstracted from the chemistry and microscopic details of solution components, three consistent and complementary computational approaches are deployed to investigate the general condition for polymer cononsolvency in binary mixed solvents at the order. The study reveals χ - χ + χ as the underlying universal parameter that regulates cononsolvency, where χ is the immiscibility parameter between the α- and β-component. Two disparate cononsolvency regimes are identified for χ - χ + χ < 0 and χ - χ + χ > 2, respectively, based on the behavior of the second osmotic virial coefficient at varying solvent mixture composition .