Abundance of Prevotella copri in gut microbiota is inversely related to a healthy diet in patients with type 2 diabetes.

While the gut microbiota is known to be influenced by habitual food intake, this relationship is seldom explored in type 2 diabetes patients. This study aims to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and gut microbial species abundance in 113 type 2 diabetes patients (mean age, 58 years; body mass index, 29.1; glycohemoglobin [HbA1c], 8.

Lifestyle Factors and Energy Intakes with Risks of Breast Cancer among Pre- and Post- Menopausal Women in Taiwan.

Although the incidence of invasive breast cancer (BC) among women in Asian is generally lower than that in Western countries, the incidence of BC has been on the rise in the past three decades in Asian countries. This hospital-based case-control study aimed to explore the relationship between dietary and metabolic factors and BC risk in pre- and post-menopausal women. We enrolled 285 patients with newly diagnosed BC at the National Taiwan University Hospital and 297 controls from the local community and hospital staff.

Effect of a novel telehealth device for dietary cognitive behavioral intervention in overweight or obesity care.

Obesity has become a major public health issue which relate to numerous physical problems and highly comorbid with depression and anxiety. Recently, some studies of technology-based interventions for weight reduction emerged to overcome the barriers from time, cost and distance. Mood component and eating behavior related to obesity are less discussed so far with technology-based intervention though.

Interaction among dietary n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake, fatty acid desaturase 2 genetic variants, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in type 2 diabetes patients.

Aims/introduction: Fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genetic polymorphisms are strongly correlated with the risk of dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease. In this study, we examined the impact of FADS1 and FADS2 genetic variants on plasma lipid status, and assessed interactions between FADS genetic polymorphisms and plasma n-3/n-6 fatty acids regarding lipid status within a population of 816 Taiwanese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Materials And Methods: Selected tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms (FADS1 rs174546 [T/C]; FADS2 rs174602 [A/G] and rs2072114 [A/G]) were genotyped (n = 816).

Using a Short Food Frequency Questionnaire to Evaluate Macronutrients, Fiber, Phosphorus, Potassium, and Calcium in Adults with Stages 3-5 Chronic Kidney Disease.

The progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) can be directly or indirectly accelerated by a poor diet and the diet's influence on risk factors for this disease. There have been no food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) developed for the assessment of diet in patients with CKD in Taiwan. This study analyzed the validity of a short FFQ (SFFQ) with 42 items for estimating patient intake of macronutrients, fiber, phosphorus, potassium, and calcium against 3-day dietary records (3-day DRs) in Taiwanese patients with stages 3-5 CKD.

Phytochemical-rich vegetable and fruit juice alleviates oral mucositis during concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer.

Background: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT)-induced oral mucositis (OM) causes oral pain, malnutrition, and impaired quality of life in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Phytochemicals play a potential role in eliminating cancer therapy toxicity.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of phytochemical-rich vegetable and fruit juice (VFJ) consumption in preventing CCRT-induced OM among patients with locally advanced HNC.

Gut Microbial Signatures for Glycemic Responses of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Pilot Study.

Backgrounds: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) is probably one of more effective antidiabetic agents in treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). However, the heterogenicity in responses to GLP-1 RA may be potentially related to gut microbiota, although no human evidence has been published. This pilot study aims to identify microbial signatures associated with glycemic responses to GLP-1 RA.

A Low-Protein Diet with a Renal-Specific Oral Nutrition Supplement Helps Maintain Nutritional Status in Patients with Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease.

A low-protein diet (LPD) is recommended to patients with non-dialysis advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) for delaying renal function decline. However, this approach potentially prevents an adequate calorie and micronutrient intake. We examined the influence of an LPD including a renal-specific oral nutrition supplement (RONS) on the nutrition status of patients with stage 3b-5 CKD.

Blood biomarkers of various dietary patterns correlated with metabolic indicators in Taiwanese type 2 diabetes.

Background: Metabolic alterations correlate with adverse outcomes in type 2 diabetes. Dietary modification serves as an integral part in its treatment.

Objective: We examined the relationships among dietary patterns, dietary biomarkers, and metabolic indicators in type 2 diabetes ( = 871).

Validity of a Short Food Frequency Questionnaire Assessing Macronutrient and Fiber Intakes in Patients of Han Chinese Descent with Type 2 Diabetes.

Few food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) have been developed to assess diet in diabetes patients. This cross-sectional study examined the validity of a 45-item FFQ assessing the intake of macronutrients against three 24-h dietary recalls (24-HDRs) in Taiwan, and compared vegetable and fruit intakes with carotenoid biomarkers. We recruited 126 adults with type 2 diabetes who completed the FFQ and three 24-HDRs administered by a registered dietitian.

Dietary patterns, dietary biomarkers, and kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: a repeated-measure study in Taiwan.

Background And Objectives: Western dietary patterns have been linked with kidney disease. This study investigated the association between Chinese dietary patterns and kidney disease in a Taiwanese population with type 2 diabetes and evaluated dietary fatty acid patterns, a kidney-related dietary biomarker.

Methods And Study Design: We recruited 838 patients with type 2 diabetes and used their dietary and renal data obtained from three repeated measures in 2008, 2009 and 2010.

FADS Gene Polymorphisms, Fatty Acid Desaturase Activities, and HDL-C in Type 2 Diabetes.

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) correlate with risk of dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases. Fatty acid desaturase () single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) modulate circulating PUFA concentrations. This study examined influence of and genetic variants on desaturase activities and blood lipid concentrations in type 2 diabetes patients, and further assessed their interrelationships.

Correlations of dietary energy and protein intakes with renal function impairment in chronic kidney disease patients with or without diabetes.

Dietary energy and protein intake can affect progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD complicated with diabetes is often associated with a decline in renal function. We investigated the relative importance of dietary energy intake (DEI) and dietary protein intake (DPI) to renal function indicators in nondiabetic and diabetic CKD patients.

Obesity, weight change, and chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A longitudinal study in Taiwan.

Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate relationships between the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and obesity and weight changes in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: At baseline (2003-05), 1187 diabetic patients aged 30-70 years were recruited to the study, with follow-up surveys completed in 2008, 2009, and 2010. Chronic kidney disease was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min per 1.

Interleukin-6 gene polymorphisms correlate with the progression of nephropathy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study.

Aims: Interleukin-6 (IL-6), an inflammatory cytokine, is considered a candidate gene possibly involved in susceptibility to nephropathy in diabetes. This study aimed to examine whether IL-6 polymorphisms predict the progression of nephropathy in a prospective Chinese cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: A total of 568 type 2 diabetic patients with normoalbuminuria at baseline were followed up for a mean of 5.

Relationship of urinary phthalate metabolites with serum thyroid hormones in pregnant women and their newborns: a prospective birth cohort in Taiwan.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of phthalates exposure with thyroid function in pregnant women and their newborns.

Methods: One hundred and forty-eight Taiwanese maternal and infant pairs were recruited from E-Da hospital in southern Taiwan between 2009 and 2010 for analysis. One-spot urine samples and blood samples in the third trimester of pregnant women and their cord blood samples at delivery were collected.

Adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) polymorphisms correlate with the progression of nephropathy in Taiwanese male patients with type 2 diabetes.

Aims: Polymorphisms of the ADIPOQ gene were associated with diabetic nephropathy (DN) in case-control studies predominantly among European populations. Gender may modify the ADIPOQ associated risk for DN. We investigated the association of 18 ADIPOQ polymorphisms with DN in a prospective Taiwanese cohort of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and explored whether gender plays a role in this genetic association.

Plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids and periodontal recovery in Taiwanese with periodontitis: a significant relationship.

Background: Plasma levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are different before and after periodontal treatment. Asians and Westerners have significantly different baseline levels of plasma PUFAs. However, no Asian study has reported the effects of nonsurgical treatment on the correlation between periodontal condition and plasma levels of PUFAs.

Association of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammatory indicators with renal function decline in type 2 diabetes.

Background & Aims: The n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and the inflammatory indicator, interleukin-6 (IL-6), have been implied in the development of renal dysfunction. This longitudinal study examined the effect of n-3 PUFAs and IL-6 on the risk of renal function decline and explored whether n-3 PUFAs modify the effect of inflammatory indicators on renal dysfunction risk in type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Studying 676 type 2 diabetic patients, we analyzed erythrocyte fatty acids and inflammatory markers in 2008 and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in 2008 and 2012.