The critical role of glutamine and fatty acids in the metabolic reprogramming of -resistant melanoma cells.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) represent the sub-population of cells shed into the vasculature and able to survive in the bloodstream, adhere to target vascular endothelial cells, and re-growth into the distant organ. CTCs have been found in the blood of most solid tumor-bearing patients and are used as a diagnostic marker. Although a complex genotypic and phenotypic signature characterizes CTCs, the ability to survive in suspension constitutes the most critical property, known as resistance to , e.

New frontiers in e-health. Policies and the Doctor@Home case study.

Introduction: In recent years, and even more following the need for social distancing generated by the global COVID-19 pandemic, e-health has become an increasingly widespread reality in clinical practice, especially for those clinicians operating in the front-line, like nurses. Its growing importance has been followed by increasing attention both by the literature as well as in the generation of specific rules aimed at regulating the phenomenon.

Methods: A regulatory review of the literature aims to outline the current regulatory framework relating to telemedicine.

A Human Bone Marrow 3D Model to Investigate the Dynamics and Interactions Between Resident Cells in Physiological or Tumoral Contexts.

The medullary niche is a complex ecosystem that is essential to maintain homeostasis for resident cells. Indeed, the bone marrow, which includes a complex extracellular matrix and various cell types, such as mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, and endothelial cells, is deeply involved in hematopoietic stem cell regulation through direct cell-cell interactions, as well as cytokine production. To closely mimic this in vivo structure and conduct experiments reflecting the responses of the human bone marrow, several 3D models have been created based on biomaterials, relying primarily on primary stromal cells.

Lactate Maintains BCR/Abl Expression and Signaling in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells Under Nutrient Restriction.

This study was directed to deepen the effects of nutrient shortage on BCR/Abl expression and signaling in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells. The backbone of the study was cell culture in medium lacking glucose, the consumption of which we had previously shown to drive BCR/Abl suppression, and glutamine, the other main nutrient besides glucose. In this context, we focused on the role of lactate, the main by-product of glucose metabolism under conditions of rapid cell growth, in particular as a modulator of the maintenance of CML stem/progenitor cell potential, a crucial determinant of disease course and relapse of disease.

Glutamine Availability Controls BCR/Abl Protein Expression and Functional Phenotype of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells Endowed with Stem/Progenitor Cell Potential.

This study was directed to characterize the role of glutamine in the modulation of the response of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells to low oxygen, a main condition of hematopoietic stem cell niches of bone marrow. Cells were incubated in atmosphere at 0.2% oxygen in the absence or the presence of glutamine.

Differences in body temperature between black-and-white and red-and-white Holstein cows reared on a hot climate using infrared thermography.

Heat stress is one of the greatest issues of the dairy industry in regions with hot climate. Since coat color appears to be related to heat stress adaptiveness, we compared rectal temperatures and surface temperatures of Red-and-white (RW, n = 14) and Black-and-white (BW, n = 16) Holstein cows using infrared thermography in both cold (July; mean temperature: 15.5 °C) and hot (March; mean temperature: 30.

Peer education for medical students on health promotion and clinical risk management.

Context: Health promotion (HP) and clinical risk management (CRM) topics are seldom discussed during medical school lessons. Peer-assisted learning (PAL) has long occurred informally in medical education, and interest in this method has recently grown, as it is considered a valuable technique for both tutors and tutees.

Aims: The aim was to evaluate the impact of HP and CRM PAL intervention on medical students' (tutees) knowledge level.

Functional Decline in Residents Living in Nursing Homes: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Objectives: To describe the functional dependence progression over time in older people living in nursing homes (NHs).

Design: A systematic review of the literature was performed. Studies involving individuals 65 years and older living in NHs, describing their functional decline, improvement or stability in activities of daily living (ADLs), were eligible.

In vitro evaluation of the cytotoxicity of pure eugenol.

The aim of this study was to assess the cytotoxicity of pure eugenol in an in vitro method by diluting it to various concentrations in alcohol and determining the maximum noncytotoxic concentration. We used solutions of eugenol and ethyl alcohol that are soluble in water in any given proportion. The cytotoxicity of the alcohol itself was determined by using a dose-response curve for concentrations of between 0.

Cytotoxicity evaluation of six root canal sealers.

Cell cultures of human gingival fibroblasts obtained from healthy patients were used to evaluate the toxicity of six different endodontic cements: AH-26, Pulp Canal Sealer, Rocanal-R2, Rocanal-R3, Bioseal, and Endomethasone. The toxicity was determined by measuring spectrophotometrically at 405 nm the colorimetric reaction of N-acetyl-beta-hexosaminidase, an endogenous enzyme, with the chromogenic substrate [p-nitrophenol-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamide (NAG)]. Severe cytotoxicity was observed in the 1- and 2-wk test solutions of AH-26.

[The diagnosis and treatment of traumatic root fractures of the coronal third in the mature permanent anterior teeth].

Diagnostic and treatment implications of traumatic root fractures in the coronal third of permanent anterior teeth are reported. A review of the literature imposes a reevaluation of the treatment of these fractures. The teeth with root fractures should not be extracted and endodontic therapy should not be performed unless there is evidence of a pulp necrosis.

[Clinico-therapeutic considerations in a serious case of amelogenesis imperfecta].

The Authors present a case of a young female patient affected with a serious hypoplasic form of Amelogenesis Imperfecta, involving all the teeth which has been completely restabilished using composite resin. The therapy used has been developed thanks to the chemical-physical qualities of last generation of composites, which allow the compete reconstruction of teeth. Such a therapy has not to be considered definitive, however it has been used as a temporary solution, waiting for final prosthetic rehabilitation.