The Impact of Tumor Stage and Histopathology on Survival Outcomes in Esophageal Cancer Patients over the Past Decade.

Background: Esophageal cancer (EC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, continuing to be a significant public health concern. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of staging and histopathology of EC on associated mortality. The study also aims to further investigate clinical characteristics, prognostic factors, and survival outcomes in patients diagnosed with EC between 2010 and 2017.

Corrigendum: Gestational hypothyroxinemia induces ASD-like phenotypes in behavior, proinflammatory markers, and glutamatergic protein expression in mouse offspring of both sexes.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.

An Asynchronous Chemistry-in-biology Intervention Improves Student Content Knowledge and Performance in Introductory Biology.

Introductory biology is a gateway course for majors and other science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) disciplines. Despite the importance of chemistry content knowledge for understanding biology, the relationship between chemistry knowledge and prior coursework and biology course performance is understudied. We used an opportunity gap framework to investigate the extent to which there were opportunity gaps in prior chemistry coursework and knowledge and associated these gaps with subsequent equity gaps in student performance on introductory biology assessments.

Behavior and biomechanics: flapping frequency during tandem and solo flights of cliff swallows.

Aerodynamic models of bird flight, assuming power minimization, predict a quadratic relationship (i.e. U-shaped curve) between flapping frequency and airspeed.

Extracellular Vesicles From Preeclampsia Disrupt the Blood-Brain Barrier by Reducing CLDN5.

Background: The physiopathology of life-threatening cerebrovascular complications in preeclampsia is unknown. We investigated whether disruption of the blood-brain barrier, generated using circulating small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) from women with preeclampsia or placentae cultured under hypoxic conditions, impairs the expression of tight junction proteins, such as CLDN5 (claudin-5), mediated by VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), and activation of KDR (VEGFR2 [VEGF receptor 2]).

Methods: We perform a preclinical mechanistic study using sEVs isolated from plasma of pregnant women with normal pregnancy (sEVs-NP; n=9), sEVs isolated from plasma of women with preeclampsia (sEVs-PE; n=9), or sEVs isolated from placentas cultured in normoxia (sEVs-Nor; n=10) or sEVs isolated from placentas cultured in hypoxia (sEVs-Hyp; n=10).

Global Disparities in the Characteristics and Outcomes of Leukemia Clinical Trials: A Cross-Sectional Study of the ClinicalTrials.gov Database.

Purpose: Most clinical trials are conducted exclusively in high-income countries (HICs), with only a small fraction involving centers from low-middle income countries (LMICs). However, studies evaluating the global distribution of clinical trials in leukemia are limited. Therefore, we sought to assess the present state of leukemia clinical trials that involve centers from LMICs and to compare those with trials conducted exclusively in HICs.

Cost-effectiveness of Enasidenib versus conventional care for older patients with mutant refractory/relapsed AML.

In the randomized phase III IDHENTIFY trial, the IDH2 inhibitor enasidenib (ENA) showed improvement in event-free but not overall survival compared with conventional care regimens (CCR) among patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R), -mutant AML. We constructed a partitioned survival model to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of enasidenib for the treatment of older patients with R/R, and -mutant AML. In the base-case scenario, ENA exhibited an incremental effectiveness of 0.

Examining childhood and adulthood stressors as risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus in working pregnant individuals: A prospective cohort study.

Aims: This study aimed to examine the individual and joint associations of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and maternal work and non-work related stressors with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: Working pregnant individuals (n = 1163) from a United States (U.S.

Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for newborns dried blood spot thyroglobulin.

Background: Thyroglobulin (Tg) is a biomarker of iodine status. Newborn Tg is a more sensitive marker than neonatal TSH in detecting variations in iodine intake. This study aims to validate an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for Tg determination on dried blood spots (DBS) in newborns.

Analyzing determinants of premature trial discontinuation in leukemia clinical trials.

Clinical trials are crucial for improving patient outcomes. Although a significant number of trials are discontinued prematurely, our understanding of factors influencing early termination is limited. We conducted a comprehensive search of ClinicalTrials.

Observation of the decay.

Using proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of collected by the CMS experiment at , the decay is observed for the first time, with a statistical significance exceeding 5 standard deviations. The relative branching fraction, with respect to the decay, is measured to be , where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third is related to the uncertainties in and .

RalB uncoupled exocyst mediates endothelial Weibel-Palade body exocytosis.

Ras-like (Ral) GTPases play essential regulatory roles in many cellular processes, including exocytosis. Cycling between GDP- and GTP-bound states, Ral GTPases function as molecular switches and regulate effectors, specifically the multi-subunit tethering complex exocyst. Here, we show that Ral isoform RalB controls regulated exocytosis of Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs), the specialized endothelial secretory granules that store hemostatic protein von Willebrand factor.

The unique metabolic and lipid profiles of patients with severe COVID-19 compared to severe community-acquired pneumonia: a potential prognostic and therapeutic target.

Background: Compare the changes and differences in metabolome and lipidome profiles among severe COVID-19 and CAP patients with ARF to identify biomarkers that could be used for personalized diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.

Research Design And Methods: Plasma samples were taken at hospital admission (baseline) and on the 5 day of hospitalization (follow-up) and examined by RP-LC-QTOF-MS and HILIC-LC-QTOF-MS.

Results: 127 patients, 17 with CAP and 110 with COVID-19, were included.

Glycopolymers Prepared by Alternating Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization Provide Access to Distinct, Multivalent Structures for the Probing of Biological Activity.

A myriad of biological processes are facilitated by ligand-receptor interactions. The low affinities of these interactions are typically enhanced by multivalent engagements to promote binding. However, each biological interaction requires a unique display and orientation of ligands.

How students taking introductory biology experience the chemistry content.

Student experiences learning chemistry have been well studied in chemistry courses but less so in biology courses. Chemistry concepts are foundational to introductory biology courses, and student experiences learning chemistry concepts may impact their overall course experiences and subsequent student outcomes. In this study, we asked undergraduate students enrolled in introductory biology courses at a public R1 institution an open-response question asking how their experiences learning chemistry topics affected their identities as biologists.