Relative Effectiveness of the MF59-Adjuvanted Influenza Vaccine Versus High-Dose Influenza Vaccine in Older Adults With Influenza Risk Factors During the 2019-2020 US Influenza Season.

Background: This study estimated the relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) of the MF59-adjuvanted trivalent influenza vaccine (aTIV) versus high-dose trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (HD-TIV) for prevention of influenza-related medical encounters (IRMEs) during the 2019-2020 United States (US) influenza season stratified by the cumulative number of influenza risk factors. A secondary objective evaluated outpatient IRMEs and influenza- and pneumonia-related hospitalizations.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included US adults ≥65 years old vaccinated with aTIV or HD-TIV between 1 August 2019 and 31 January 2020.

Relative vaccine effectiveness of MF59-adjuvanted vs high-dose trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines for prevention of test-confirmed influenza hospitalizations during the 2017-2020 influenza seasons.

Objectives: This study evaluated relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) of MF59-adjuvanted trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (aTIV) vs high-dose trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (HD-TIV) for prevention of test-confirmed influenza emergency department visits and/or inpatient admissions ("ED/IP") and for IP admissions alone pooled across the 2017-2020 influenza seasons. Exploratory individual season analyses were also performed.

Methods: This retrospective test-negative design study included United States (US) adults age ≥65 years vaccinated with aTIV or HD-TIV who presented to an ED or IP setting with acute respiratory or febrile illness during the 2017-2020 influenza seasons.

Number of Influenza Risk Factors Informs an Adult's Increased Potential of Severe Influenza Outcomes: A Multiseason Cohort Study From 2015 to 2020.

Background: While studies have evaluated factors influencing the risk of severe influenza outcomes, there is limited evidence on the additive impact of having multiple influenza risk factors and how this varies by age.

Methods: Patients ≥18 years of age in the United States were evaluated retrospectively in 5 seasonal cohorts during the 2015-2020 influenza seasons. Patient-level electronic medical records linked to pharmacy and medical claims were used to ascertain covariates and outcomes.

Relative Vaccine Effectiveness of Cell- vs Egg-Based Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine Against Test-Confirmed Influenza Over 3 Seasons Between 2017 and 2020 in the United States.

Background: Influenza vaccine viruses grown in eggs may acquire egg-adaptive mutations that may reduce antigenic similarity between vaccine and circulating influenza viruses and decrease vaccine effectiveness. We compared cell- and egg-based quadrivalent influenza vaccines (QIVc and QIVe, respectively) for preventing test-confirmed influenza over 3 US influenza seasons (2017-2020).

Methods: Using a retrospective test-negative design, we estimated the relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) of QIVc vs QIVe among individuals aged 4 to 64 years who had an acute respiratory or febrile illness and were tested for influenza in routine outpatient care.

Relative Effectiveness of the MF59®-Adjuvanted Influenza Vaccine Versus High-Dose and Non-Adjuvanted Influenza Vaccines in Preventing Cardiorespiratory Hospitalizations During the 2019-2020 US Influenza Season.

Background: Adults ≥ 65 years of age have suboptimal influenza vaccination responses compared to younger adults due to age-related immunosenescence. Two vaccines were specifically developed to enhance protection: MF59-adjuvanted trivalent influenza vaccine (aIIV3) and high-dose egg-based trivalent influenza vaccine (HD-IIV3e).

Methods: In a retrospective cohort study conducted using US electronic medical records linked to claims data during the 2019-2020 influenza season, we compared the relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) of aIIV3 with HD-IIV3e and a standard-dose non-adjuvanted egg-based quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV4e) for the prevention of cardiorespiratory hospitalizations, including influenza hospitalizations.

Incidence of Influenza-related Medical Encounters and the Associated Healthcare Resource Use and Complications Across Adult Age Groups in the United States During the 2015-2020 Influenza Seasons.

Background: Research on influenza burden in adults has focused on crude subgroups with cut-points at 65 years, limiting insight into how burden varies with increasing age. This study describes the incidence of influenza-related outpatient visits, emergency room visits, and hospitalizations, along with healthcare resource use and complications in the aging adult population.

Methods: Individuals aged ≥18 years in the United States were evaluated retrospectively in 5 seasonal cohorts (2015-2020 seasons) in strata of age with 5-year increments.

Effectiveness of the MF59-adjuvanted trivalent or quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine among adults 65 years of age or older, a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Standard-dose seasonal influenza vaccines often produce modest immunogenic responses in adults ≥65 years old. MF59 is intended to elicit a greater magnitude and increased breadth of immune response.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of seasonal MF59-adjuvanted trivalent/quadrivalent influenza vaccine (aTIV/aQIV) relative to no vaccination or vaccination with standard or high-dose egg-based influenza vaccines among people ≥65 years old.

Observational safety study of specific outcomes after trivalent cell culture seasonal influenza vaccination (Optaflu ) among adults in THIN database of electronic UK primary healthcare records.

Purpose: To investigate the safety of trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine (TIVc) (Optaflu ), the first cell culture seasonal trivalent influenza vaccine available in Europe.

Methods: Codes and unstructured text in adult electronic healthcare records (The Health Improvement Network) were searched for a TIVc brand name or batch number and possible outcomes within a 3 month pre- to 6 month post-TIVc exposure study period (2012-2015). The outcomes were severe allergic reactions, Bell's palsy, convulsions, demyelination, paresthesia, noninfectious encephalitis, neuritis (optic and brachial), vasculitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and thrombocytopenia.

Use of antithrombotic drugs and the presence of cerebral microbleeds: the Rotterdam Scan Study.

Background: Cerebral microbleeds are hemosiderin deposits in the brain that are indicative of microangiopathy. Microbleeds in strictly lobar brain locations have been related to cerebral amyloid angiopathy, a bleeding-prone disease state.

Objective: To investigate the relation between antithrombotic drug use and the presence of cerebral microbleeds, especially those in strictly lobar locations.

Cyclooxygenase selectivity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of stroke.

Background: In clinical trials, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic events. We studied the association between NSAID use and risk of stroke in the prospective, population-based Rotterdam Study.

Methods: We followed 7636 persons free of stroke at baseline (1991-1993) for incident stroke until September 2004.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the risk of Parkinson disease.

Background: Several lines of evidence suggest a role of inflammatory processes in Parkinson disease, although it is still unclear whether inflammation is a cause or rather a consequence of neurodegeneration.

Methods: In a prospective population-based cohort study among 6,512 participants aged >or=55 years, with repeated in-person examination, we evaluated the association between cumulative use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and the risk of Parkinson disease. Complete information on filled prescriptions was available from automated pharmacy records.