What autism features in first episode psychosis? Results from a 2-year follow-up study.

The PANSS Autism Severity Score (PAUSS) is a popular measure of autistic features in First Episode Psychosis (FEP) samples. However, evidence on its longitudinal stability, course and treatment response is poor. Therefore, the main aim of this research was to compare clinical outcomes between FEP individuals with or without "autistic features" enrolled within an "Early Intervention in Psychosis" (EIP) service across 2 years of follow-up, as well as any significant association with EIP treatment components.

Psychiatric antecedents in young patients with first episode psychosis: what relevance for clinical outcomes?

Examining psychiatric antecedents and help-seeking behavior for people with First Episode Psychosis (FEP) could help understand determinants for timely care pathways, decrease the "Duration of Untreated Psychosis" (DUP), and consequently improve their prognosis. The aims of this study were: (1) to calculate the proportion of FEP participants with previous contact with mental healthcare services recruited within a specialized "Early Intervention in Psychosis" service, and (2) to longitudinally compare sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment parameters between FEP patients with and without psychiatric antecedents across a 2-year follow-up period. All participants (aged 12-35 years) were enrolled within the "Parma Early Psychosis" (Pr-EP) program.

Breed-Specific Clinical Features, Diagnostic Findings, and Outcome of Presumptive Meningoencephalomyelitis of Unknown Origin in 27 French Bulldogs.

Meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin (MUO) is an inflammatory central nervous system disease affecting the meninges, brain, and spinal cord. Interest in this condition has been growing rapidly over the last decade, but information on the pathophysiology and evolution of the disease is still lacking. This study aimed to assess and evaluate the clinical findings, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features, and survival time in affected French Bulldogs (FBs).

Sex comparisons on the beneficial effects of an early intervention program in a patients' cohort with first episode psychosis: what effectiveness in women?

Purpose: Males and females with First Episode Psychosis (FEP) usually tend to differ in psychopathology, clinical presentation and their longitudinal trajectory. This study aimed to examine the difference of effectiveness of specialized psychosocial and pharmacological treatments for FEP, focusing on various clinical and functioning outcomes across a 2-years follow-up period.

Methods: The assessment included the CAARMS, the HoNOS, the PANSS and the GAF scale and was conducted at baseline and every 12 months.

Baseline Exposure to Antipsychotic Medication in Young People at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis: A 2-Year Italian Follow-Up Study.

Objective: Despite various models examining baseline factors, predicting outcomes in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) remains challenging. Specifically, neglecting factors like ongoing antipsychotic (AP) medications introduce bias and reduce method precision. The main aim of this research was to determine if the presence of AP prescription at baseline identifies a CHR-P subgroup with worse prognostic outcomes over a 2-year period.

The revival of psilocybin between scientific excitement, evidence of efficacy, and real-world challenges.

The revival of psilocybin in psychopharmacological research heralds a potential paradigm shift for treating mood and anxiety disorders, and other psychiatric conditions beyond the psychotic spectrum. This critical review evaluates current evidence on psilocybin's efficacy, juxtaposing potential benefits with the practical aspects of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) and the methodological constraints of existing research.An electronic literature search was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, selecting studies published up to December 2023 that explored the clinical use of psilocybin in mood and anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and substance use disorder.

Pathways to care: Source of referral at first-episode psychosis, a cross-country comparison between Bologna and South London.

Objectives: Pathways to Care (PtC) are useful indicators of how patients access mental healthcare, especially in the context of first-episode psychosis (FEP). We explored how PtC: source of referral, is associated with patients' characteristics and clinical presentation and assessed the cross-country differences of the PtC predictors between South London and Bologna.

Methods: This study included 427 FEP individuals in the context of the European Union Gene-Environment Interactions (EU-GEI) study.

Comparative efficacy of interpersonal psychotherapy and antidepressant medication for adult depression: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.

Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) and antidepressant medications are both first-line interventions for adult depression, but their relative efficacy in the long term and on outcome measures other than depressive symptomatology is unknown. Individual participant data (IPD) meta-analyses can provide more precise effect estimates than conventional meta-analyses. This IPD meta-analysis compared the efficacy of IPT and antidepressants on various outcomes at post-treatment and follow-up (PROSPERO: CRD42020219891).

Rates and predictors of service disengagement in first episode psychosis: Results from a 2-year follow-up study in an Italian real-world care setting.

Aim: Service disengagement is a major problem for "Early Intervention in Psychosis" (EIP). Understanding predictors of engagement is also crucial to increase effectiveness of mental health treatments, especially in young people with First Episode Psychosis (FEP). No Italian investigation on this topic has been reported in the literature to date.

The genetic legacy of the Quaternary ice ages for West Palearctic butterflies.

The interplay between geographic barriers and climatic oscillations over the past 2.6 million years structured genetic variation at the continental scale. The genetic legacy of the Quaternary ice ages (GLQ) hypothesis outlines this phenomenon for Europe, but a comprehensive data-driven assessment is lacking.

Antipsychotic Treatment in People at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis: A Narrative Review of Suggestions for Clinical Practice.

Purpose: The "early intervention" paradigm in psychiatry holds significant promise for preventing psychosis. Recent evidence showed that individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) with antipsychotic (AP) prescription at baseline have higher psychosis transition rates compared with those without AP, although the underlying cause remains unclear. In this article, we reviewed international guidelines on early intervention in CHR-P people, paying specific attention to clinical recommendations on AP treatment.

Clinical findings and outcome in feline tetanus: a multicentric retrospective study of 27 cases and review of the literature.

Tetanus is a toxigenic illness caused by the action of neurotoxin (TeNT), which results in partial or generalized muscle stiffness in infected mammals and birds. The disease is rarely reported in cats due to their innate resistance to the toxin. This multicentric retrospective study aimed to describe a significant population of cats with a diagnosis of tetanus and report their signalment, clinical and neurological signs, diagnostic findings, treatment, and outcome.

Aggressive behaviour and diabetes: A clinical case of atypical metabolic improvement during clozapine treatment.

Aggressive and violent behaviour is a challenging psychiatric emergency to manage, especially among vulnerable categories such as patients with Intellectual Developmental Disorder. Although there is some evidence that clozapine may be useful as an anti-violence compound, its use is limited by common metabolic complications. An adult patient presented with obesity, type II diabetes mellitus, compulsive food intake, severe Intellectual Developmental Disorder, and a treatment-resistant aggressive behaviour.

Clinical high risk for psychosis and service disengagement: Incidence and predictors across 2 years of follow-up.

Unlabelled: BACK: Service disengagement is common in subjects at CHR-P (clinical high risk for psychosis), potentially worsening daily functioning and increasing the duration of untreated psychosis. That is why to identify baseline predictors of service disengagement could help better tailoring follow-up on every CHR-P individual.

Aims: Since there are few studies on this topic, the goals of this examination were: (1) to calculate service disengagement rates in a CHR-P sample along 2-years of follow-up; and (2) to examine the most relevant predictive factors of disengagement at baseline.

Diagnostic shift in adolescents with first episode psychosis: findings from the 2-year follow-up of the "Parma Early Psychosis" program.

Purpose: Diagnostic stability for people with First Episode Psychosis (FEP) is essential for treatment, but it remains poorly investigated, especially in adolescents and within a prospective design. The aims of this research were: (a) to examine diagnostic change in Italian adolescents with FEP treated within an "Early Intervention in Psychosis" program during a 2-year follow-up period and (b) to investigate any sociodemographic and clinical predictors at baseline.

Methods: At baseline, 66 adolescents with FEP was recruited.

Disorganization in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis: psychopathology and treatment response.

Disorganization is a nuclear dimension of psychosis, especially in schizophrenia. Despite its relevant association with poor prognosis and negative outcomes, it is still under-investigated compared to positive and negative symptoms, in particular at the onset of illness. This study explored disorganization in youth at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (CHR-P) over a 2-year period.

Intradural-extramedullary inflammatory pseudotumour of the cervical spinal cord of a dog.

An 8-year-old mixed-breed dog was presented with cervical hyperesthesia, tetraparesis, and mild proprioceptive ataxia in all four limbs. 3 Tesla MRI showed a dorsal compressive intradural-extramedullary mass at the level of C1-C2, isointense to the gray matter with a hypointense ventral core on T2 weighted images (WI), isointense on T1WI, with a strong and homogeneous contrast enhancement. A C1-C2 partial dorsal laminectomy was performed, and the lesion was removed en bloc.

Pollen metabarcoding reveals the origin and multigenerational migratory pathway of an intercontinental-scale butterfly outbreak.

Migratory insects may move in large numbers, even surpassing migratory vertebrates in biomass. Long-distance migratory insects complete annual cycles through multiple generations, with each generation's reproductive success linked to the resources available at different breeding grounds. Climatic anomalies in these grounds are presumed to trigger rapid population outbreaks.

Alien ants spreading through Europe: and in Italy.

The number of known alien ant species throughout Europe has been steadily increasing during the last few decades and Italy has been no exception, with four new taxa reported in the last five years. Here, we document new data on the Asian needle ant (Emery, 1895), an invasive alien species whose first establishment in Europe was detected in the southern Italian city of Naples in 2022 and which has now been found near Lake Como in northern Italy, representing the second European record, about 730 km distant from the first. Furthermore, we report for the first time the presence of (Nylander, 1846) in the country, based on specimens collected both in Rome and near Lake Como.

Cognitive disturbances basic symptoms in help-seeking patients with borderline personality disorder: Characteristics and association with schizotypy.

Aim: Although the presence of psychotic symptoms has been widely recognized in Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), no study previously investigated cognitive Basic Symptoms (BS) and their clinical implications in patients with BPD.

Methods: This cross-sectional study specifically examined the prevalence of COGDIS (cognitive disturbances) BS criteria in 93 help-seeking outpatients with BPD by using the Schizophrenia Proneness Instrument-Adult Version (SPI-A). We then explored associations of COGDIS with personality traits, functioning and core psychopathological features of BPD.

Persistent negative symptoms in young people at clinical high risk of psychosis treated with an Italian early intervention program: a longitudinal study.

Negative symptoms in CHR-P people are generally not responsive to treatments and commonly related to poorer functional outcome. However, less research attention has been dedicated to Persistent Negative Symptoms (PNS), defined as clinically stable negative symptoms of moderate severity evident for at least 6 months. This study aims to (a) determine the prevalence of PNS in a sample of young people at CHR-P; (b) investigate any association of PNS with functioning and clinical features; (c) examine longitudinal course of PNS across 2 years of follow-up and changes in PNS severity levels with specialized treatments.

Borderline personality disorder and aggressive behavior: A study based on the DSM-5 alternative model.

Introduction: Unplanned reactive aggressive acts are a clinical feature of particular interest in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). The early identification of personality traits correlated to aggressive behavior is certainly desirable in BDP populations. This study analyzes a clinical sample of 122 adult outpatients with BPD referred to Adult Mental Health Services of the Department of Mental Health of Bologna, in Italy.