Ultrasound biomicroscopy study of accommodative state in Smartphone abusers.

Background: Addiction to Smartphone usage has psychological and physical impacts. However, the state of spasm of accommodation is unclear in Smartphone abusers.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study among adults aged 18-35 years between October 2016 and December 2018.

Clinical Guidelines of the Egyptian Psychiatric Association for the Management of Treatment-Resistant Unipolar Depression in Egypt.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a public health burden that creates a strain not only on individuals, but also on the economy. Treatment-resistant depression in the course of major depressive disorder represents a clinically challenging condition that is defined as insufficient response to two or more antidepressant trails with antidepressants of the same or different classes that were administered at adequate daily doses for at least 4 weeks.

Objective/hypothesis: To develop a treatment guideline for Treatment Resistant Depression (TRD).

Characteristics and outcomes of patients admitted to the first psychiatric intensive care unit in Egypt.

Background: Psychiatric intensive care units (PICU) have become an essential part of psychiatric hospital design worldwide, there are few published data about their effectiveness.

Aim: In this study, the characteristics and outcomes of 50 Egyptian patients admitted to the first PICU in the Middle East region between April 2015 and October 2018 were retrospectively examined.

Setting: The study was conducted at the Institute of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University.

Cognitive functions in children and adolescents with early-onset diabetes mellitus in Egypt.

Unlabelled: The objective of this study was to investigate performance on memory, intelligence, and executive functions in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and to investigate the role of glycemic control, hypoglycemic attacks and diabetic ketoacidosis. We compared 50 subjects with T1DM with 30 healthy controls (ages between 7 and 16 years) using Benton Visual Retention Test (BVRT), the Arabic version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC), and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). We also compared good versus poor glycemic control in T1DM subjects.

Correlates of psychiatric co-morbidity in a sample of Egyptian patients with bipolar disorder.

Background And Objectives: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a complex, chronic mood disorder involving repeated episodes of depression and mania/hypomania. Two thirds of patients with bipolar disorder have a comorbid psychiatric condition. This study aims to assess the prevalence of Axis I diagnosis with its socio-demographic and clinical correlates among a sample of Egyptian patients with bipolar disorder.

Serum level of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) among patients with bipolar disorder.

Background: There is a growing body of evidence that serum brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is altered during the episodes of bipolar disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate serum BDNF levels in bipolar disorder patients during manic and depressive episodes and its clinical utility in bipolar disorder compared to other psychiatric disorders.

Methods: The study was conducted on 80 Egyptian patients, who were classified into 4 groups: group Ia (25 patients with depressive episodes), group Ib (25 patients with manic episodes), group II (15 patients having Schizophrenia) as pathological controls and group III (15 healthy subjects) as controls.

Cognitive functions among euthymic bipolar I patients after a single manic episode versus recurrent episodes.

Background: There is a growing consensus that persistent cognitive deficits are common in patients with bipolar disorders even when they are euthymic.

Aim: The aim was to assess objectively the presence of cognitive deficits in bipolar patients in remission, and to correlate these deficits with the recurrence of the disease.

Methods: Cognitive functions (executive function, memory, intelligence, attention and concentration) of a group of euthymic bipolar patients after a single manic episode were compared to cognitive functions of patients who experienced recurrent episodes, both groups were assessed during remission.

Clinical characteristics of depression among adolescent females: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Adolescents rarely seek psychiatric help; they even hesitate to disclose their feelings to their parents. However; the adolescents especially the females experience depressive symptoms more frequently than general population. Do they experience classic depressive symptoms? Are there symptoms specific to this subpopulation?

Aim Of The Study: Through this study, the authors aimed to estimate the prevalence of depressive disorders in Egyptian adolescent female students.

Prevalence and correlates of depressive disorders in elderly with type 2 diabetes in primary health care settings.

Objective: Depression is associated with poor glycemic control and complications in people with type 2 diabetes. We assessed the prevalence of depressive symptoms and antidepressant medication use among elderly with and without type 2 diabetes and the association between depression and diabetes complications.

Research Design And Methods: In 2004-2006, the Primary Health Care research in Type 2 Diabetes Study applied the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) to 458 participants with type 2 diabetes (47% male, aged 65 + or -8.