The Value of Molecular vs. Morphometric and Acoustic Information for Species Identification Using Sympatric Molossid Bats.

A fundamental condition for any work with free-ranging animals is correct species identification. However, in case of bats, information on local species assemblies is frequently limited especially in regions with high biodiversity such as the Neotropics. The bat genus Molossus is a typical example of this, with morphologically similar species often occurring in sympatry.

Criteria for choosing clinically effective glaucoma treatment: A discussion panel consensus.

Unlabelled: Abstract.

Background: In the clinical management of patients at risk for or diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), the aim of medical treatment is to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) and then maintain it over time at a level that preserves both the structure and function of the optic nerve.

Objective: The objective of this report was to establish a consensus on the criteria that should be used to determine the characteristics of IOP-lowering medication.

Malignant glaucoma after phacoemulsification: treatment with diode laser cyclophotocoagulation.

Phacoemulsification was performed in an 84-year-old woman with ocular hypertension and narrow drainage angles, previously treated by neodymium:YAG (Nd:YAG) laser peripheral iridotomy. Despite temporal zonular weakness, the surgery was uneventful. An intraocular lens (IOL) was placed and centered in the capsular bag.

Randomized controlled clinical trial of beta irradiation as an adjunct to trabeculectomy in open-angle glaucoma.

Objective: To assess the effect of a single intraoperative application of 750 cGy of beta irradiation on the outcome of trabeculectomy for uncontrolled open-angle glaucoma.

Design: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Participants: Sixty-one eyes of 61 Caucasian patients at low risk of filtering surgery failure, with poorly controlled primary or secondary open-angle glaucoma undergoing routine trabeculectomy.

Acute angle closure glaucoma: an evaluation of a protocol for acute treatment.

Purpose: To report the use of a protocol for the treatment of acute angle closure glaucoma (AACG) and document its effectiveness.

Methods: Following a clinical audit, a formal protocol for the treatment of AACG was introduced in our department. Three and a half years later, the records of 63 consecutive patients were reviewed.

The effect of once-daily latanoprost on intraocular pressure and pulsatile ocular blood flow in normal tension glaucoma.

Purpose: To determine the effect of once-daily 0.005% latanoprost on intraocular pressure (IOP) and pulsatile ocular blood flow (POBF) in patients with normal tension glaucoma (NTG).

Methods: The diurnal IOP and sitting POBF were determined for 32 eyes of 19 NTG patients after a washout period.

The correlation of the visual field with scanning laser ophthalmoscope measurements in glaucoma.

Purpose: To assess the relationship between Humphrey visual field data and optic disc topographical data collected by the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) scanning laser ophthalmoscope in chronic glaucoma patients.

Methods: The mean deviation (MD) and corrected pattern standard deviation (CPSD) from Humphrey visual fields of 106 eyes of 106 patients with glaucoma were analysed for correlation with the multiple topographical measures calculated by the HRT.

Results: Significant correlations were found between MD of the visual field and several optic disc measurements.

Peribulbar anaesthesia using a mixture of local anaesthetic and vecuronium.

The aim of this double-blind, randomised study was to assess the effects of the addition of 0.5 mg of vecuronium bromide to a standard local anaesthetic mixture used for peribulbar anaesthesia. We studied 60 patients undergoing regional anaesthesia for intra-ocular surgery and were primarily interested in the quality of globe and lid akinesia.

Modification of trabeculectomy with single-dose intraoperative 5-Fluorouracil application.

Purpose: To assess the outcome of trabeculectomy supplemented with intraoperative 5-Fluorouracil (5 FU) application in glaucoma patients.

Methods: A prospective non-randomized case series of 76 eyes of 76 consecutive patients who underwent trabeculectomy with intraoperative sponge 5 FU (25 mg/ml). Minimum follow-up was 6 months.

Phacoemulsification trabeculectomy compared to other methods of combined cataract and glaucoma surgery.

Purpose: To compare three methods of combined cataract extraction and glaucoma surgery.

Methods: Retrospective review of 35 eyes of patients who had extracapsular cataract extraction and trabeculectomy using a corneoscleral incision (SAME), 54 eyes undergoing extracapsular cataract extraction and trabeculectomy using a separated corneal incision for cataract extraction and 43 eyes undergoing phacoemulsification and trabeculectomy.

Results: Ninety-one percent of the eyes in the SAME group, 85% of the SEPARATE group and 97% of the phacoemulsification and trabeculectomy group had an IOP < 22 mmHg at 6 months with or without medication (NS).

The Bristol Shared Care Glaucoma Study: study design.

The purpose of this study was the evaluation of community based optometric monitoring of stable glaucoma patients and glaucoma suspects compared to the routine Hospital Eye Services (HES) monitoring. Four hundred and five subjects were recruited from routine outpatient clinics at the Bristol Eye Hospital. All eligible participants were seen in the routine hospital clinic and then within two months were given a 'Gold Standard Assessment' (GSA) by an independent research team.

epsilon-Aminocaproic acid does not inhibit outflow resistance washout in monkeys.

Purpose: To determine whether the anti-fibrinolytic agent epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) inhibits the washout of resistance to aqueous humor outflow during anterior chamber perfusion in cynomolgus monkeys, as it does in rabbits.

Methods: Nine adult ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys underwent bilateral anterior chamber perfusion with Bárány solution, containing 3.8 mM EACA unilaterally.

Intraocular pressure measurement after penetrating keratoplasty: minified Goldmann applanation tonometer, pneumatonometer, and Tono-Pen versus manometry.

The accuracy of intraocular pressure measurement with the minified Goldmann applanation tonometer, the pneumatonometer, and the Tono-Pen tonometer were compared in post-mortem human eyes which had undergone penetrating keratoplasty. Enucleated post-mortem human eyes underwent same sized (7.75 mm) or 0.

Retinal blood flow after superior cervical ganglionectomy: a laser Doppler study in the cynomolgus monkey.

There is a conflicting literature regarding the possible presence of adrenergic innervation of the retinal circulation. The effect of a histologically confirmed left superior cervical ganglionectomy on the total retinal blood flow in eight anaesthetised female cynomolgus monkeys was determined. Near total unilateral ocular sympathetic denervation was confirmed by ipsilateral miosis, supersensitivity of pupillary dilatation to topical phenylephrine and pupillary hyporesponsiveness to topical hydroxyamphetamine.

The Farnsworth-Munsell 100 hue test in the first episode of demyelinating optic neuritis.

The Farnsworth-Munsell 100 hue test (F-M 100) was used to examine 30 patients with their first episode of unilateral demyelinating optic neuritis (DON) at presentation, after 6 weeks and after 6 months. Twelve patients satisfactorily completed the test with the affected eye at presentation. This number had increased to 23 by 6 weeks and to 27 by 6 months.

Prevalence of glaucoma. The Beaver Dam Eye Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of glaucoma in the population participating in the Beaver Dam Eye Study (n = 4926).

Methods: All subjects were examined according to standard protocols, which included applanation tonometry, examination of the anterior chamber, perimetry, grading of fundus photographs of the optic disc, and a medical history interview. Visual field, cup-to-disc ratio, and intraocular pressure (IOP) criteria were used to define the presence of open-angle glaucoma.

Use of leeches in a case of severe periorbital haematoma.

A case of severe penetrating eye injury and resulting periorbital haematoma is described. Leeches applied to the eyelids enabled examination of the globe to be carried out and improved the surgical approach. Leeches provide a speedy and efficient means of reducing a periorbital haematoma.

Antiviral drug sensitivity in ocular herpes simplex virus infection.

Thirty-nine herpes simplex virus (HSV) isolates were assayed for their sensitivity to 10 different antiviral agents. Of these 39 HSV isolates 10 were cultured from recipient buttons obtained at penetrating keratoplasty in patients with inactive stromal scarring due to recurrent herpetic keratitis, 25 were cultured from patients with conjunctival and ulcerative ocular infections, and the remaining four were laboratory strains with known drug sensitivity patterns, thus providing controls for the experiment. All but one of the 35 clinical isolates of HSV were type 1 and all were sensitive to the 10 antiviral agents.