Low Serum Alanine Aminotransferase Blood Activity Is Associated with Shortened Survival of Renal Cell Cancer Patients and Survivors: Retrospective Analysis of 1830 Patients.

Sarcopenia is characterized by a loss of muscle mass and function and is often associated with frailty, a syndrome linked to physical disability and shortened survival in various patient populations, including cancer patients. Low serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) values, serving as a biomarker for sarcopenia, were previously associated with frailty and shortened survival in several cancers. In the current study, we aimed to test the association between low ALT and shorter survival in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients and survivors.

Robotic partial nephrectomy is associated with a significantly decreased rate of postoperative pseudoaneurysm compared to open and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.

While partial nephrectomy offers oncologic efficacy and preserves renal function for T1 renal tumors, renal artery pseudoaneurysm (RAP) remains a rare but potentially life-threatening complication. This study compared RAP incidence across robotic-assisted (RAPN), laparoscopic (LPN), and open (OPN) partial nephrectomies in a large tertiary oncological center. This retrospective study analyzed 785 patients undergoing partial nephrectomy between 2012 and 2022 (398 RAPN, 122 LPN, 265 OPN).

[PHYTOTHERAPY AND NATURAL AGENTS IN SYMPTOMATIC BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA (BPH)].

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a very common condition among men over 50 years of age. Some patients require immediate surgical intervention for urinary retention. However, most men have a variety of symptoms that may require treatment.

Autoimmune disorders caused by intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerine treatment: A systematic review.

Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a common and highly effective treatment for non-muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder. BCG may cause an autoimmune reaction in some patients. One hundred and fifty-eight papers were analyzed, for a total of hundred and thirty patients with reactive arthritis, sixty patients with ocular manifestations and eighteen patients with other rheumatologic diseases.

[PARADIGM SHIFTS IN DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF LOCALIZED PROSTATE CANCER IN 2022].

In recent years, we witnessed significant changes in the way we diagnose prostate cancer and the options for management of low risk localized prostate cancer. This review discusses today's approach to men with elevated PSA. The use of biomarkers and or prostate MRI is strongly recommended prior to the decision on a biopsy.

[UPPER TRACT UROTHELIAL CARCINOMA].

Upper tract urothelial carcinoma is a relatively rare malignancy, but with an increasing prevalence. The main risk factor for the disease is smoking. The most common presentation is hematuria or flank pain.

Salvage re-irradiation using stereotactic body radiation therapy for locally recurrent prostate cancer: the impact of castration sensitivity on treatment outcomes.

Background: Advances in imaging, biomaterials and precision radiotherapy provide new opportunities to salvage locally recurrent prostate cancer (PC). This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of re-irradiation using stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). We hypothesized that patients with castrate-resistant PC (CRPC) would benefit less from local salvage.

Is Ultra Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy a Safe and Effective Treatment for Invasive Bladder Cancer in the Elderly?: A Retrospective Single Institution Review.

Purpose: The aim was to determine the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of weekly ultra hypofractionated radiation therapy for older unfit patients with invasive bladder cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer deemed unfit for chemoradiation therapy and thus treated with 6 weekly doses of 6 Gy using intensity modulated radiotherapy. Charlson comorbidity was calculated retrospectively.

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from human prostate tumors reveal anti-tumor reactivity and potential for adoptive cell therapy.

Advanced prostate cancer remains incurable and is the second leading cause of mortality in men. Immunotherapy based on the adoptive transfer of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) has demonstrated promising clinical results in patients with metastatic melanoma and lately also in other solid tumors. However, the ability to obtain TIL from patients with prostate cancer, considered poorly immunogenic, remains unknown.

Salvage Radiation Therapy for Biochemical Failure Following Radical Prostatectomy.

Background: Radiotherapy to the prostate bed is used to eradicate residual microscopic disease following radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer. Recommendations are based on historical series.

Objectives: To determine outcomes and toxicity of contemporary salvage radiation therapy (SRT) to the prostate bed.

Urothelial-based reconstructive surgery for upper- and mid-ureteral defects: Long-term results.

Introduction: Ureteral strictures can result in obstructive nephropathy and renal function deterioration. Surgical management of ureteral defects, especially in the proximal- and mid-ureter, is particularly challenging. Our purpose was to analyze the long-term outcomes of urothelial-based reconstructive surgery for upper- and mid-ureteral defects.

A novel urine cytology stain for the detection and monitoring of bladder cancer.

Purpose: CellDetect® is a unique platform technology comprising a proprietary plant extract and 3 dyes that enables color discrimination between malignant (red) and benign (green) cells based on specific metabolic alterations exclusive to the former. Preclinical studies and clinical trials demonstrated the applicability of the new technology in many cell culture lines and various cancers. We explored its performance characteristics in bladder cancer.

Risk of prostate cancer in patients with schizophrenia.

Objectives: To examine the rate of prostate cancer in a cohort of schizophrenia in-patients in the PSA-era as compared to expected rates. There is conflicting evidence on the relative risk of prostate cancer in men with schizophrenia.

Methods: the study sample was comprised of schizophrenia patients who had been admitted to a tertiary care mental health center between 1990 and 2011.

[InoPro trial: collaboration between urologists and primary care physicians in the treatment of osteoporosis in prostate cancer patients].

Introduction: Osteoporosis is more common in elderly men than previously suspected. Prostate cancer patients may have an increased rate of osteopenia and osteoporosis independent of therapy. Osteopenia and fracture risk are accelerated in men receiving androgen deprivation therapy.

Hematospermia--the added value of transrectal ultrasound to clinical evaluation: is transrectal ultrasound necessary for evaluation of hematospermia?

Hematospermia is usually caused by nonspecific inflammation of the prostate and seminal vesicles. Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) is a safe and inexpensive modality for evaluating patients with hematospermia. The aim of this study is to describe the findings of TRUS and its contribution to patients' management.

The role of a combined regimen with intravesical chemotherapy and hyperthermia in the management of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review.

Context: Due to the suboptimal clinical outcomes of current therapies for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), the search for better therapeutic options continues. One option is chemohyperthermia (C-HT): microwave-induced hyperthermia (HT) with intravesical chemotherapy, typically mitomycin C (MMC). During the last 15 yr, the combined regimen has been tested in different clinical settings.

Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for central tumors: analysis of perioperative outcomes and complications.

Purpose: We report our experience with laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for central tumors compared to peripheral tumors to analyze the feasibility and safety of the laparoscopic approach to these complex cases.

Materials And Methods: Between October 2002 and July 2007, 212 patients underwent laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. In 53 patients the tumor was central and in 159 it was peripheral.

[Alpha blockers in use for symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia--are all drugs born equal?].

Alpha-adrenergic blockers are an established form of medical treatment for symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Several medications of the class are available, each with its own characteristics. The authors attempted to define the differences between the currently available medications (Terazosin, Doxazosin, Alfuzosin, and Tamsulosin), and to present an evidence-based recommendation for choosing the best treatment option.

Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: single center experience with 140 patients--evolution of the surgical technique and its impact on patient outcomes.

Purpose: We analyzed the outcome of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in 140 patients and defined the evolution of the operative technique and its impact on patient outcomes.

Materials And Methods: Preoperative tumor characteristics, intraoperative parameters (blood loss, ischemia time, complication and conversion rates) and postoperative parameters (complications, surgical margins status and followup) were compared between the initial 30 patients (group 1) and the last 110 (group 2). Statistical analysis was done using the Student t test with p <0.

Renal artery occlusion during nephron-sparing surgery: retrospective review of 301 cases.

Objectives: Temporary occlusion of the renal artery during nephron-sparing surgery may facilitate complete tumor resection and reduce operative bleeding. However, it may also entail a greater risk of ischemic kidney damage. In contrast, when vascular occlusion is not applied, the risk of bleeding, as well as the risk of positive margins, may be increased.

Radiation rescue for biochemical failure after surgery for prostate cancer: predictive parameters and an assessment of contemporary predictive models.

Objectives: To determine pretreatment prognostic variables that predict outcome of radiotherapy for biochemical failure after prostate cancer surgery and evaluate contemporary clinical decision tools for patient selection.

Methods: Fifty patients were identified with failure after rescue radiation was defined as a confirmed rise in PSA, distant metastases, prostate cancer death, or initiation of hormonal therapy. Univariate analysis and multivariate Cox models were constructed.

[The laparoscopic approach to renal tumors outcome of 121 laparoscopic radical and partial nephrectomy procedures].

Background And Purpose: We present and review a single center experience with laparoscopic renal surgery for renal cancer including laparoscopic radical and partial nephrectomy.

Patients And Methods: During the period September 2002 - January 2005, 180 patients underwent laparoscopic renal surgery at our center for several indications. A total of 121 patients underwent radical nephrectomy (76) or partial nephrectomy (45) for solid renal tumors.