Measurement of Mitochondrial ROS Formation.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in physiological and pathological processes. Mitochondria, particularly in skeletal and cardiac myocytes, are recognized as the primary site of ROS generation. Detecting oxidative modifications of intracellular or circulating molecules, such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, is commonly employed to indicate ROS formation.

A nonlinear relapse model with disaggregated contact rates: Analysis of a forward-backward bifurcation.

Throughout the progress of epidemic scenarios, individuals in different health classes are expected to have different average daily contact behavior. This contact heterogeneity has been studied in recent adaptive models and allows us to capture the inherent differences across health statuses better. Diseases with reinfection bring out more complex scenarios and offer an important application to consider contact disaggregation.

Using brain cell-type-specific protein interactomes to interpret neurodevelopmental genetic signals in schizophrenia.

Genetics have nominated many schizophrenia risk genes and identified convergent signals between schizophrenia and neurodevelopmental disorders. However, functional interpretation of the nominated genes in the relevant brain cell types is often lacking. We executed interaction proteomics for six schizophrenia risk genes that have also been implicated in neurodevelopment in human induced cortical neurons.

Protein interaction studies in human induced neurons indicate convergent biology underlying autism spectrum disorders.

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have been linked to genes with enriched expression in the brain, but it is unclear how these genes converge into cell-type-specific networks. We built a protein-protein interaction network for 13 ASD-associated genes in human excitatory neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). The network contains newly reported interactions and is enriched for genetic and transcriptional perturbations observed in individuals with ASDs.

Integrative Profiling of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Lymphoblasts Identifies Unique Metabolic and Mitochondrial Disease Fingerprints.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease with a rapid progression and no effective treatment. Metabolic and mitochondrial alterations in peripheral tissues of ALS patients may present diagnostic and therapeutic interest. We aimed to identify mitochondrial fingerprints in lymphoblast from ALS patients harboring SOD1 mutations (mutSOD1) or with unidentified mutations (undSOD1), compared with age-/sex-matched controls.

Factors that influence Puerto Rican's intention to get the COVID-19 vaccine.

Despite Latino Americans having been found to be disproportionally affected by COVID-19, they report higher hesitancy to receive the COVID-19 vaccine than non-Hispanic whites. The purpose of this study was to examine factors that influence Puerto Rican's intentions to get the COVID-19 Vaccine. A sample ( = 173) of people who currently lived in Puerto Rico were recruited to complete an online, cross-sectional survey about their intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine.

Liraglutide Protects Against Brain Amyloid-β Accumulation in Female Mice with Early Alzheimer's Disease-Like Pathology by Partially Rescuing Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress and Inflammation.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia worldwide, being characterized by the deposition of senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (enriched in the amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide and hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau), respectively) and memory loss. Aging, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and female sex (especially after menopause) are risk factors for AD, but their crosslinking mechanisms remain unclear. Most clinical trials targeting AD neuropathology failed and it remains incurable.

Codifying explicit and tacit practitioner knowledge in community social pediatrics organizations: Evaluation of the first step of a knowledge transfer strategy.

In this article, we the present the evaluation of the first phase of a KT initiative, the codification of the tacit and explicit knowledge of community social pediatrics (CSP) practitioners. As increasing numbers of professionals began working in the CSP field, it became necessary to capture the know-how to make it better understood. This first phase of the initiative took advantage of one of the KM stages, the codifying process that is absent from KT models.

F-Spondin Is the Signal by Which 2-Methoxyestradiol Induces Apoptosis in the Endometrial Cancer Cell Line Ishikawa.

The metabolite 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME) is an endogenous estrogen metabolite with potential therapeutic properties in reproductive cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms by which 2ME exerts its anticancer activity are not well elucidated. The purpose of this study was to determine the molecular signals associated with the apoptotic effects of 2ME in a human endometrial cancer cell line.

New European Union Regulations Related to Whole Slide Image Scanners and Image Analysis Software.

Whole slide imaging (WSI) scanners and automatic image analysis algorithms, in order to be used for clinical applications, including primary diagnosis in pathology, are subject to specific regulatory frameworks in each country. Until May 25, 2018, in the European Union (EU), diagnostic (IVD) medical devices were regulated by directive 98/79/EC ( diagnostic medical device directive [IVDD]). Main scanner vendors have obtained a Conformité Européenne mark of their products that in Europe were classified as General Class IVDD, so that conformity is only based on a self-declaration of the manufacturer.

Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine Whole Slide Imaging Connectathon at Digital Pathology Association Pathology Visions 2017.

As digital pathology systems for clinical diagnostic work applications become mainstream, interoperability between these systems from different vendors becomes critical. For the first time, multiple digital pathology vendors have publicly revealed the use of the digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) standard file format and network protocol to communicate between separate whole slide acquisition, storage, and viewing components. Note the use of DICOM for clinical diagnostic applications is still to be validated in the United States.

Teaching Digital Pathology: The International School of Digital Pathology and Proposed Syllabus.

Digital pathology is an interdisciplinary field where competency in pathology, laboratory techniques, informatics, computer science, information systems, engineering, and even biology converge. This implies that teaching students about digital pathology requires coverage, expertise, and hands-on experience in all these disciplines. With this in mind, a syllabus was developed for a digital pathology summer school aimed at professionals in the aforementioned fields, as well as trainees and doctoral students.

Radionecrosis versus disease progression in brain metastasis. Value of (18)F-DOPA PET/CT/MRI.

The use of (18)F-DOPA PET/CT with magnetic resonance imaging fusion and the use of visual methods and quantitative analysis helps to differentiate between changes post-radiosurgery vs. suspicion of disease progression in a patient with brain metastases from melanoma, thus facilitating taking early surgical action.

Atrial Myxoma: A Case Presentation and Review.

Myxomas are the most common primary cardiac tumors, most frequently found in the left atrium. We present a case of an atrial myxoma. An in-depth review of atrial myxoma is presented, examining the important clinical symptoms and diagnostic indicators.

Occult cranial injuries found with neuroimaging in clinically asymptomatic young children due to abusive compared to accidental head trauma.

Objective: To compare occult brain injuries on neuroimaging in clinically asymptomatic children under 20 months due to abusive versus accidental head trauma.

Subjects And Methods: A retrospective review of 58 children under 20 months who underwent neuroimaging for possible abusive trauma was performed. The data collected were demographics, neurological signs/symptoms, imaging findings, and disposition (abusive or accidental).

A case report on asymptomatic ascending aortic dissection.

Aortic dissection is a relatively rare but dreadful illness, often presenting with tearing chest pain and acute hemodynamic compromise. Early and accurate diagnosis and treatment are essential for survival. In the present review, a rare case of an asymptomatic ascending aortic dissection is reported.

Amniotic membrane transplantation for persistent corneal epithelial defects in eyes after penetrating keratoplasty.

Purpose: To determine the primary success and recurrence rate of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) for the treatment of persistent corneal epithelial defects (PEDs) in eyes after penetrating keratoplasty (PK).

Design: Retrospective, non-randomized, observational case series.

Method: AMT was performed in 24 eyes of 24 patients with erosions (n=6) or ulcers (n=18), which were resistant to medical therapy.

Superior vena cava syndrome: A medical emergency?

Superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome was originally described as being secondary to an infection. Currently, it is almost exclusively secondary to malignancy. A case of SVC syndrome presenting with dyspnea, facial swelling, neck distension and cough developed over a period of 10 days is reported.