Coffee and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive loss of motor neurons. The effective treatments for ALS remain elusive, necessitating exploration into novel preventive strategies. ALS pathogenesis is triggered by oxidative stress which results in neuroinflammation, exicitotoxicity and neuronal cell death.

The Efficacy of N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC) Supplementation in FST Model for Screening Antidepressants.

Introduction: The model for screening antidepressant-like activity in pre-clinical drug studies include, rat forced swimming test (FST). The reports on N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as an antioxidant supplement in stress related disorder is well documented. This study was aimed at potential antidepressant mechanism of N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC), a glutamate precursor on FST animal model for screening antidepressant drugs using fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) as standard antidepressant drug.

A study to demonstrate the potential of Anabolic Androgen Steroid to activate oxidative tissue damage, nephrotoxicity and decline endogenous antioxidant system in renal tissue of Adult Wistar Rats.

Anabolic Androgenic steroids (AAS) are abused and reports have been made on their deleterious effects on various organs. It is imperative to report the mechanism of inducing oxidative tissue damage even in the presence of an intracellular antioxidant system by the interaction between lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant system in the kidney. Twenty (20) adult male Wistar rats used were grouped into: A- Control, BOlive oil vehicle, C- 120 mg/kg of AAS orally for three weeks, and D- 7 days withdrawal group following 120 mg/kg/ 21days of AAS intake.

A Review on : Phytochemical Constituents, Biological Activities and Health-Promoting Effects.

is a genus of herbaceous and perennial plants belonging to the Commelinaceae family and organized into three infrageneric classifications and 12 sections. More than 80 species within the genus have been used for centuries for medicinal purposes. Phytochemical compounds (from various species of the genus) such as coumarins, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, steroids and terpenoids have recently been characterized and described with antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer or antimicrobial properties.

Alpha lipoic acid reverses scopolamine-induced spatial memory loss and pyramidal cell neurodegeneration in the prefrontal cortex of Wistar rats.

Neurodegenerative disorders are linked to oxidative tissue damage characterized by gradual loss of cognitive functions and neuronal cells. Alpha-lipoic acid (AHA) has a strong antioxidant property. Scopolamine is an anti-muscarinic agent used to study the mechanism of memory loss in an animal model.

A Comparative study on the effects of Yaji (Suya Meat sauce) and its spice constituents on the male reproductive profile of adult male Sprague Dawley rats.

Objective: This comparative study was designed to analyze the potential effects of Yaji (suya meat sauce) and its composite spices on male fertility based on testicular histology, serum testosterone level, and semen analysis parameters.

Methods: The study included 70 adult male Sprague Dawley rats with an average weight of 120 g. They were divided into two experimental study groups, respectively analyzed for 28 and 56 days.

Alpha lipoic acid ameliorates scopolamine induced memory deficit and neurodegeneration in the cerebello-hippocampal cortex.

Scopolamine- induced memory loss is used to study new drug discovery in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. This study was aimed at evaluating the role of an antioxidant supplement alpha-lipoic acid (AHA), in ameliorating the oxidative damaging effects of scopolamine on cognition, memory, and the neurohistology of the cerebello-hippocampal cortex. Twenty adult male Wistar rats used were categorized into four (4) groups (n = 5): Group A- Control, Group B- 200 mg/kg of AHA, Group C- Scopolamine (memory-impaired model), and Group D- Neurodegenerative repair model (Scopolamine + AHA).

The contraceptive potential of Carica papaya seed on oestrus cycle, progesterone, and histomorphology of the Utero-ovarian tissue of adult wistar rats.

Objective: The study's goal was to ascertain the contraceptive effects of Aqueous extract of Carica papaya on female rats by assessing changes in the body weight, estrous cycle, serum progesterone level and the cyto-architecture of the Utero-ovarian tissue.

Methods: We used twenty (20) healthy young Adult Female Albino rats. The study ran for 7 and 21 days, respectively.

Histomorphological evaluations on the frontal cortex extrapyramidal cell layer following administration of N-Acetyl cysteine in aluminum induced neurodegeneration rat model.

Aluminum is a potent neurotoxin used in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD), in which oxidative stress mediates tissue pathogenesis in vivo. N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is a glutathione precursor with reported antioxidant and neuroprotective potentials. Recent therapy for combating AD is known to provide only symptomatic relief thus necessitating the discovery of new drugs and their mechanism of action.

Fluoride and aluminium disturb neuronal morphology, transport functions, cholinesterase, lysosomal and cell cycle activities.

Unlabelled: Fluoride and aluminium have been reported to cause severe alterations in the brain. However, their exact mechanisms of neurotoxic activities remain unknown.

Aim: This study was designed to investigate the role of fluoride and aluminium in neuronal transport, lysosomal, cell cycle protein and acetylcholinesterase activities.

Interplay of glia activation and oxidative stress formation in fluoride and aluminium exposure.

Background: Oxidative stress formation is pivotal in the action of environmental agents which trigger the activation of glial cells and neuroinflammation to stimulate compensatory mechanisms aimed at restoring homeostasis.

Aim: This study sets to demonstrate the interplay of fluoride (F) and aluminium (Al) in brain metabolism. Specifically, it reveals how oxidative stress impacts the activation of astrocytes (GFAP), mediates proinflammatory responses (microglia and B-cells: CD68 and CD 20 respectively) and shows the pattern of lipid peroxidation in the brain following fluoride and (or) aluminium treatment in vivo.