Chronic tympanic membrane perforation in an animal model.

Objective: The aim of this study was to revalidate and reproduce a chronic tympanic membrane perforation animal model.

Study Design: Prospective, animal study.

Methods: Eight female chinchillas underwent bilateral thermal myringotomy.

Linking laryngopharyngeal reflux to otitis media with effusion: pepsinogen study of adenoid tissue and middle ear fluid.

Hypothesis/objectives: Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) was recently implicated in the etiology of otitis media with effusion (OME). To study the hypothesis that gastric juice reaches the middle ear through the nasopharynx and eustachian tube, we evaluated the presence of pepsinogen in the adenoid tissues of children with otitis media with effusion (OME) and compared them with the tissues of a control group of children without OME.

Methods: In the study group, middle ear effusions (MEEs) and adenoidal tissue biopsies were obtained from patients undergoing simultaneous tympanostomy tube placement and adenoidectomy.

Complications of adenotonsillectomy revisited in a large pediatric case series.

Objective: To document the most important postoperative adenotonsillectomy morbidities, with an emphasis on prolonged hospitalization and readmissions.

Design: Retrospective chart analysis.

Methods: We reviewed 2067 cases of adenotonsillectomies performed at our institution over a period of 6 years.

Hydrogen peroxide mouth rinse: an analgesic post-tonsillectomy.

Objective: To compare the analgesic efficacy of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) mouth rinse with control for post-tonsillectomy pain management.

Design: Double-blinded, prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial.

Patients And Methods: Thirty-seven patients from 5 to 14 years old undergoing electrocautery tonsillectomy were randomized to either the H2O2 mouth rinse or the water rinse (control) group.

Lateral neck radiography versus direct video rhinoscopy in assessing adenoid size.

Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of adynamic lateral neck radiographs and dynamic video rhinoscopy in assessing adenoid size and the relationship of these methods to associated symptoms and thus the severity of the disease.

Methods: Children with suspected adenoid hypertrophy underwent standard lateral neck soft tissue radiographs: the percentage of airway occlusion, adenoid to nasopharynx (AN) ratio, airway to soft palate ratio, and adenoid thickness were assessed by a radiologist. The percentage of airway closure was assessed by direct fibre-optic rhinoscopy in an ear, nose, and throat clinic.

Evidence of allergic inflammation in the middle ear and nasopharynx in atopic children with otitis media with effusion.

Background: Otitis media with effusion (OME) occurs in the setting of eustachian tube (ET) dysfunction. Previous studies have demonstrated a predominance of T helper 2 (Th2) mediators in the middle ear effusions (MEEs) of atopic children, suggesting that allergy plays a role in the pathogenesis of OME. Given that the middle ear is contiguous with the upper airway, the allergic inflammation seen in the middle ear of atopic patients with OME may also have been observed in the nasopharynx.

Similar allergic inflammation in the middle ear and the upper airway: evidence linking otitis media with effusion to the united airways concept.

Background: Otitis media with effusion (OME) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the middle ear space characterized by the accumulation of fluid. Previous investigations have suggested that the immunopathologic mechanism underlying the development of middle ear effusion in patients with allergy is largely due to the effects of T(H)2 mediators. The composition of the inflammatory substrate in the effusions of allergic otitis media is similar to the late-phase allergic response seen elsewhere in the respiratory tract, such as in asthma and in allergic rhinitis.

Inflammation and remodeling of the sinus mucosa in children and adults with chronic sinusitis.

Objectives/hypothesis: The sinus mucosal inflammatory response in adult patients with chronic sinusitis is well documented in the literature. In contrast, little is known about the pathogenesis of this condition in children. The objective of the study was to compare the inflammatory cell profile and the extent of tissue remodeling in the sinus mucosa of children and adults with chronic sinusitis.

Cytokine profile of chronic sinusitis in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Background: The inflammatory-cell and cytokine profiles of chronic sinusitis (CS) are well documented in the literature. In contrast, little is known about the pathogenesis of this condition in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF).

Objective: To determine whether patients with CF have inflammatory-cell and cytokine profiles that differ from other patients with CS.

Orbital complications of sinusitis in children.

Background: Orbital complications of sinusitis are uncommon but can result in significant morbidity if not appropriately managed.

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and outcome of orbital complications of sinusitis in children treated at our institution over a 10-year period.

Methods: The study retrospectively reviewed cases of 139 children with evidence of orbital complications of sinusitis admitted to the Montreal Children's Hospital between January 1990 and March 2000.

T(H)2 cytokine expression in atopic children with otitis media with effusion.

Background: Otitis media with effusion (OME) is more common in atopic children. Few studies have looked for the presence of inflammatory mediators in the middle-ear effusions of this population.

Objective: We hypothesize that atopic children with OME have a different inflammatory cell and cytokine profile than nonatopic patients with the disease.

Computer-assisted voice analysis: establishing a pediatric database.

Objectives: To establish and characterize the first pediatric normative database for the Multi-Dimensional Voice Program, a computerized voice analysis system, and to compare the normative data with the vocal profiles of patients with vocal fold nodules.

Design: A cross-sectional, observational design was used to establish the normative database. The comparative study was completed using a case-control design.