Exploring Liraglutide in Lithium-Pilocarpine-Induced Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Model in Rats: Impact on Inflammation, Mitochondrial Function, and Behavior.

: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists such as liraglutide are known for their neuroprotective effects in neurodegenerative disorders, but their role in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the effects of liraglutide on several biological processes, including inflammation, antioxidant defense mechanisms, mitochondrial dynamics, and function, as well as cognitive and behavioral changes in the TLE model. : Low-dose, repeated intraperitoneal injections of lithium chloride-pilocarpine hydrochloride were used to induce status epilepticus (SE) in order to develop TLE in rats.

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) alleviates inflammation and damage induced by experimental colitis.

Purpose: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic gastrointestinal disorders associated with significant morbidity and complications. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in a trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) induced colitis model, focusing on inflammation, oxidative stress, and intestinal membrane permeability.

Methods: Wistar albino rats were divided into Control, Colitis, and Colitis + DHA groups (n = 8-10/group).

Akkermansia muciniphila improves chronic colitis-induced enteric neuroinflammation in mice.

Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic diseases that are not fully understood. Drugs in use can only be applied for a short time due to their side effects. Therefore, research is needed to develop new treatment approaches.

Ferulic Acid Treats Gastric Ulcer via Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation.

(1) Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the gastroprotective potential of ferulic acid (FA) on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats with macroscopic and microscopic examinations along with biochemical assays. (2) Methods: After 24 h starvation, the ulcer was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by subcutaneous indomethacin (25 mg/kg) injection. Fifteen minutes after ulcer induction, rats were treated with either tween 80 or FA.

Ferulic acid attenuates pancreaticobiliary duct occlusion-induced inflammation in both pancreas and liver.

Introduction: Acute pancreatitis is a systemic inflammatory disorder characterized by the hyperactivation of digestion enzymes and the release of proinflammatory cytokines. Ferulic acid (FA) is a hydroxycinnamic acid derivative that has recently been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Aim: The anti-inflammatory effects of FA were investigated in the pancreaticobiliary duct ligation (PBDL)-induced pancreatitis model.

Exercise improves testicular morphology and oxidative stress parameters in rats with testicular damage induced by a high-fat diet.

Obesity and male infertility are problems that affect population. Exercise is a nonpharmacological way to reduce the negative health effects of obesity. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise on hormone levels, blood-testis barrier, and inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers in rats that became obese due to a high-fat diet (HFD).

Caffeic acid attenuates gastric mucosal damage induced by ethanol in rats via nitric oxide modulation.

Anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of caffeic acid (CA) have been reported recently. In this study, the therapeutic effects of CA on ethanol-induced ulcer and the roles of nitric oxide and cholinergic pathways in these effects were investigated. Ulcer was induced by ethanol via oral gavage.

Morphological evaluation of the effects of exercise on high-fat-diet-induced liver damage in rats.

Background/aims: This study was aimed to investigate the protective effects of swimming exercise on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) associated with high fat diet-induced obesity, using microscopical and biochemical parameters.

Materials And Methods: Sprague Dawley male rats were fed either standard chow (STD group; 6% fat) or high-fat diet (HFD group; 45% fat) for 18 weeks. Animals were divided into four groups, STD, STD + EXC, HFD, HFD + EXC.

Protective effects of exercise on heart and aorta in high-fat diet-induced obese rats.

We investigated the protective effects of swimming exercise on high-fat diet-induced heart and aorta damage by evaluating oxidative stress and the endothelial nitric oxide (NO) system. Sprague Dawley rats were fed either standard chow (STD, 6% fat) or high-fat diet (HFD; 45% fat) for 18 weeks, with half of the animals trained by daily swimming sessions (EXC; 1 h per day for 5 days/week) for the last 6 weeks of the experimental period and half kept sedentary (SED). Heart and aorta tissues were prepared for routine light and electron microscopy evaluation.

Neuroprotective Effect of Erythropoietin on Phenylhydrazine-Induced Hemolytic Hyperbilirubinemia in Neonatal Rats.

Neonatal unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia might cause severe bilirubin neurotoxicity in especially hemolytic conditions. The study aimed to elucidate the potential neuroprotective effects of erythropoietin (EPO) in hemolysis-induced hyperbilirubinemia. In newborn rats, hyperbilirubinemia secondary to hemolysis was induced by injecting with phenylhydrazine hydrochloride (PHZ) and rats were injected with either vehicle or EPO.

Estrogen receptor agonists alleviate cardiac and renal oxidative injury in rats with renovascular hypertension.

Although endogenous estrogen is known to offer cardiac and vascular protection, the involvement of estrogen receptors in mediating the protective effect of estrogen on hypertension-induced cardiovascular and renal injury is not fully explained. We aimed to investigate the effects of estrogen receptor (ER) agonists on oxidative injury, cardiovascular and renal functions of rats with renovascular hypertension (RVH). Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided as control and RVH groups, and RVH groups had either ovariectomy (OVX) or sham-OVX.

The neuroprotective and anti-apoptotic effects of melatonin on hemolytic hyperbilirubinemia-induced oxidative brain damage.

Melatonin exerts protection in several inflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders. To investigate the neuroprotective effects of melatonin in an experimental hemolysis-induced hyperbilirubinemia, newborn Sprague-Dawley rats (25-40 g, n = 72) were injected with phenylhydrazine hydrochloride (PHZ; 75 mg/kg) and the injections were repeated at the 24th hour. Rats were treated with saline or melatonin (10 mg/kg) 30 min before the first and second PHZ injections and 24 h after the 2nd PHZ injections.

Nesfatin-1 alleviates gastric damage via direct antioxidant mechanisms.

Background: Indomethacin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which is known to produce serious side effects, causing ulcerative lesions. Nesfatin-1, a newly identified anorexigenic peptide, was recently shown to have neuroprotective effects. The aim of the study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of nesfatin-1 on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer.

The role of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in acetic acid-induced colonic inflammation in the rat.

The "cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway" provides neurological modulation of cytokine synthesis to limit the magnitude of the immune response. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway on the extent of tissue integrity, oxidant-antioxidant status and neutrophil infiltration to the inflamed organ in a rat model of acetic acid-induced colitis. Colitis was induced by intrarectal administration of 5% acetic acid (1ml) to Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250g; n=7-8 per group).

Stress-induced multiple organ damage in rats is ameliorated by the antioxidant and anxiolytic effects of regular exercise.

Our aim was to investigate the effects of moderate load, regular swimming exercise on stress-induced anxiety, and associated oxidative organ injury. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 48) were either kept sedentary or submitted to swimming exercise for 8 weeks. Rats were then divided as non-stressed, acute stress, and chronic stress groups.

Alpha-lipoic acid modulates gut inflammation induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid in rats.

Background And Aim: Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) has been shown to combat oxidative stress by quenching a variety of reactive oxygen species. It is involved in the regeneration of exogenous and endogenous antioxidants, chelation of metal ions, and repair of oxidized proteins. This study aimed to evaluate the potential beneficial effect of ALA on trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced gut ileitis and colitis in rats.

The effect of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone on gentamicin-induced acute nephrotoxicity in rats.

The effect of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) was investigated on gentamicin-induced acute renal injury in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g; n = 8-10) were treated with gentamicin sulphate (GEN; 80 mg kg(-1)) or saline intraperitoneally for 7 consecutive days. alpha-MSH was administered at a dose of 25 microg rat(-1) day(-1) following GEN or saline injections.

Resveratrol reduces renal and lung injury caused by sepsis in rats.

Unlabelled: Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trans-trihydroxystilbene), a natural phytoalexin, has various pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory properties via inhibition of oxidation, leukocyte priming, and expression of inflammatory mediators. The present study was aimed to investigate the possible beneficial activities of resveratrol on lung and kidney damage in a rat model of sepsis.

Materials And Methods: Sepsis was induced to Sprague-Dawley rats of both sexes (200-250 g) by cecal ligation and perforation.