Treatment modalities in severe mento-sternal synechia.

Objective: Scar contracture of the neck after a burn-injury can cause both functional and aesthetic problems, and still presents a challenge for plastic surgeons. The anatomic area and adjacent structures such as the lower lip, trachea and neuro-vascular structures which are affected by the scar make treatment diffucult. Scarring and contracture of the neck region may severely limit function, cause alterations of normal posture and make intubation for surgery difficult.

Reconstruction of congenital and acquired columellar defects: clinical review of 38 patients.

Reconstruction of columella presents certain difficulties and includes reconstruction of the cartilaginous strut and the overlying skin to obtain good results. We conducted a retrospective clinical review of 38 patients presenting with congenital and acquired columellar defects. Anatomic characteristics to be considered were defined and a classification method is proposed to more fully describe columellar defects.

Colonization of neonate skin by Malassezia species: relationship with neonatal cephalic pustulosis.

Background: Colonization of neonate skin by Malassezia species and their causative role in neonatal cephalic pustulosis is unclear.

Objectives: We sought to determine the skin colonization by Malassezia in healthy newborns, and to investigate its association with neonatal cephalic pustulosis.

Methods: Samples for Malassezia colonization were taken from cheeks and scalps of 104 neonates between 24 and 72 hours after birth, and again 2 or 4 weeks later.

The free deltoid flap: clinical applications to upper extremity, lower extremity, and maxillary defects.

The deltoid free flap is a thin, reliable flap that is easily dissected from the posterolateral arm. It has large-caliber vessels and is capable of sensory reinnervation to portions of the flap above the deltoid/triceps groove through the lateral brachial cutaneous nerve. There is little sensory return to the large vascular territory, which can be extended inferiorly below the deltoid triceps groove.

Comparison of aesthetic outcomes and morbidity of nasal reconstruction with forehead flaps and free flaps.

The most common etiology of nasal defects that require reconstruction is skin cancer, particularly basal cell carcinoma, the most common nasal skin cancer, as well as squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Reconstruction of extensive nasal defects including nasal bone, septum, and esthetically defined units of the nose always represent with certain difficulties. Forehead flaps and free flaps can be utilized for reconstruction of extensive nasal defects.

Maximizing breast projection with combined free nipple graft reduction mammaplasty and back-folded dermaglandular inferior pedicle.

Standard technique for free nipple reduction mammoplasty was described by Thorek in 1922. In contrast to its effectiveness, late postoperative results included insufficient projection of the breast and the nipple-areola region. We describe a modification of this well recognized technique in order to increase central mound projection and improve nipple-areola projection by suturing the dermaglandular flap to the pectoralis major muscle by back-folding the pedicle.

Various applications of chondrocutaneous composite grafts in secondary cleft lip nose patients.

Composite chondrocutaneous grafts were applied to 12 patients in various forms to repair the columellar deficit, to form the nasal tubercle and nostril sill in cleft lip nose patients. Cleft lip-nose deformity patients with alar cartilage hypoplasia, obtuse angulation of the medial and lateral crura and the resulting plica vestibularis, internal nasal valve problems associated with the weakness of upper lateral cartilages are included in this study and composite conchal cartilage grafts are utilized to achieve a symmetrical and functional result.

Periocular metatypical cell carcinoma: clinicopathologic correlation, management, and follow-up in 35 patients.

Background: To present the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes in a relatively large series of patients with periocular metatypical cell carcinoma.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of 35 patients with periocular metatypical cell carcinoma, who were seen between January 2000 and December 2004 in Izmir Ataturk Research and Training Hospital, Turkey. The patients were histologically confirmed metatypical cell carcinoma with radiologic evidence of periocular region.

An alternative treatment for postburn microstomia treatment: composite auricular lobule graft for oral comissure reconstruction.

Microstomia is one of the most distressing results of burn. In this article, two cases presenting with microstomia following burn injury were revealed. In these patients, perioral and commisure defects due to burn were severe.

Interaction of botulinum toxin type A with local anesthetic agents: an experimental study with rabbits.

Injection of botulinum toxin is a painful procedure, limiting the number of patients treated. This study was designed to establish whether infiltration of local anesthetics plays a role in the effectiveness of botulinum toxin. For the study, 24 New Zealand white rabbits were divided into three groups.

[In vitro activity of ketoconazole, itraconazole and terbinafine against Malassezia strains isolated from neonates].

Malassezia, a yeast-like fungus found in normal skin flora is known to be associated with various skin diseases and systemic infections. There is yet no standardized in vitro susceptibility testing method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) breakpoints for Malassezia species. In this study, we investigated the in vitro activity of ketoconazole, itraconazole and terbinafine against 30 Malassezia strains (22 Malassezia furfur/dermatis, 8 M.

Narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy to clear and maintain clearance in patients with mycosis fungoides.

Background And Purpose: Narrowband ultraviolet B (UVB) phototherapy for early-stage mycosis fungoides (MF) has been found to be beneficial in some reports. Although rapid recurrences after discontinuation of therapy appear to interfere with its efficacy, optimal maintenance schedules for prolonged relapse-free intervals are not discussed in the literature. The purpose of this study was to review our experience with narrowband UVB in patients with MF.

The correction of velopharyngeal insufficiency by Furlow palatoplasty in patients older than 3 years undergoing Veau-Wardill-Kilner palatoplasty: a prospective clinical study.

Background: Velopharyngeal insufficiency may persist after primary repair of the palate. This insufficiency causes a speech deficit. Although there are many treatment alternatives, the most effective treatment of velopharyngeal insufficiency remains controversial.

Prefabricated nasolabial flap for reconstruction of full-thickness distal nasal defects.

Background: The reconstruction of full-thickness nasal tip and alar defects is challenging owing to the distal nose's triple-layer structure: skin, cartilage, and mucosa.

Objective: In the reconstruction of wounds of the distal half of the nose involving the rim, the most important issue to be considered is to provide a good functional and an acceptable esthetic result. Various local and distant flaps have been described for this purpose.

A large Guyon's canal lipoma without neuropathy in a child.

Lipomas originating from Guyon's canal are uncommon tumors. There are rare reports of adult cases, often with nerve compression findings. However, so far, no report had described this tumor in the pediatric age group.

A mature and fast-forming fibrous capsule using tetracycline: A preliminary report.

The most frequently used method in two-stage reconstruction of a tendon is the placement of a silicone rod, forming a canal where the tendon can glide easily, that is subsequently replaced with a tendon graft. However, there is a disadvantage in that the formation of a qualified gliding canal requires at least three months after the placement of the silicone rod. In the present report, the authors evaluated the effects of tetracycline on the time period required for the formation of a qualified gliding canal in rats after the placement of a silicone rod.

Augmentation rhinoplasty with dermal graft and review of the literature.

Nasal augmentation required following a trauma or a rhinoplasty operation poses a challenging problem to many plastic surgeons. Currently, allografts and autologous tissues are used for nasal augmentation; however, an ideal technique has not yet been described. Although preferred for augmentation of different parts of the body, pure dermal graft use has not been described for nasal augmentation.

Importance of pedicle length in inferior pedicle technique and long-term outcome of areola-to-fold distance.

Various techniques are being used to perform reduction mammaplasty. One of the most widely used techniques is the inferior pedicle technique. To our knowledge, there are not many studies on long-term changes in areola-to-fold distance, distribution of pedicle length, and its importance.

Cartilage shaping with the Er:YAG laser: an in vivo experimental study.

Reshaping and preserving the new shape of cartilage grafts is important for reconstruction of congenital or acquired deformities. In this in vivo study the authors investigated the effect of the Er:YAG laser on cartilage reshaping in comparison with scalpel stripping. The study consisted of two groups (N = 9).

Umbrella graft of columella tip: 20 years' experience.

We present our experience with nasal grafts over 20 years. The nose, located centrally, always plays a key role in facial aesthetics. Public recognition of this makes rhinoplasty the most popular operation.

Contribution of vitamin C administration for increasing lipolysis.

This experiment was designed to investigate whether addition of vitamin C to the solution used in tumescent technique of liposuction might increase lipolysis and whether increased fibrosis might improve skin retraction where liposuction did not work properly and the skin had poor retraction ability. Eighteen Sprague-Dawley rats were used in two groups. Both inguinal fat pads of rats with their vascular structures were elevated and the right inguinal fat pad was injected with 1 cc tumescent solution as a control and the left fat pad with a 1 cc vitamin C-tumescent solution.

Postauricular cartilage storage in rhinoplasty.

In the past decade, the number of patients demanding rhinoplasty has increased, and this has increased the use of grafts. Although different materials are used as grafts, cartilage is the most popular one. In secondary rhinoplasties the need for cartilage is very frequent.