Prevalence, patterns, and determinants of electronic cigarette and heated tobacco product use in Greece: A cross-sectional survey.

Background: Electronic cigarettes (EC) and heated tobacco products (HTP) have been introduced in the global market as safer nicotine delivery systems; however, there is skepticism about their link to smoking and long-term risks. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, patterns, and determinants of EC/HTP use in Greece.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey of 1,044 individuals aged ≥15 years old, who were randomly selected from the general Greek population.

Lactate, Base Excess, and the Pediatric Index of Mortality: Exploratory Study of an International, Multicenter Dataset.

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between ICU admission blood lactate, base excess, and ICU mortality and to explore the effect of incorporating blood lactate into the Pediatric Index of Mortality.

Design: Retrospective cohort study based on data prospectively collected on every PICU admission submitted to the U.K.

Perceived Importance of Public Health Risks in Greece: A Nationwide Survey of the Adult Population.

The current study is the first to examine the perceptions of the Greek public towards selected health risks and prioritize perceived risk importance and the needs to be addressed for public health promotion. Participants were asked to consider the individual importance of selected risks and the top three most important risks. Data collection took place on February 2020 in a representative sample of the adult Greek population.

The role of sex genotype in paediatric CNS tumour incidence and survival.

Purpose: Evidence exists, in CNS germinomas and medulloblastomas (MB), that patient sex significantly influences incidence and outcome. The role of sex genotype in other paediatric CNS tumours remains unclear. This study sought to examine the role of sex genotype in CNS tumour incidence and overall survival (OS).

Driving Behavior That Limits Concentration: A Nationwide Survey in Greece.

Human behavior is implicated in most road accidents. The current study examined drivers' behavior that interferes with decision making and reaction time to an incidence. Adults (≥17 years-old) participated in a questionnaire-based survey for driver's behavior.

A Systematic Literature Review of E-Cigarette-Related Illness and Injury: Not Just for the Respirologist.

Following the recent electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) illness outbreak, the current review aimed to collect all related clinical cases for study and analysis and provide a critical synopsis of the proposed injury mechanism. Adhering to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis) guidelines, e-cigarette-related clinical cases were identified via Google Scholar and PubMed databases. Additionally, references of published case reports and previous review papers were manually searched, revealing 159 publications presenting e-cigarette-related case reports and 19 reports by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Patterns of Use of Heated Humidified High-Flow Nasal Cannula Therapy in PICUs in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland.

Objectives: To 1) describe patterns of use of high-flow nasal cannula therapy, 2) examine differences between patients started on high-flow nasal cannula and those started on noninvasive ventilation, and 3) explore whether patients who failed high-flow nasal cannula therapy were different from those who did not.

Design: Retrospective analysis of data collected prospectively by the Paediatric Intensive Care Audit Network.

Setting: All PICUs in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland (n = 34).

Impact of the introduction of a universal childhood influenza vaccination programme on influenza-related admissions to paediatric intensive care units in England.

Introduction: A universal childhood influenza vaccination programme was introduced in the UK in September 2013. We examine the impact of the gradual introduction of this programme on influenza-related paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission rates in England.

Methods: We extracted data on all influenza-related admissions to PICUs in England in resident children aged 0-15 years old between October 2003 and March 2017 from the Paediatric Intensive Care Audit Network (PICANet) database.

Characteristics and mortality risk of children with life-threatening influenza infection admitted to paediatric intensive care in England 2003-2015.

Background: Information is lacking about the severity of complications in children with influenza admitted to paediatric intensive care units (PICU) in the UK. In this study, we report risk factors for mortality, invasive ventilation and use of vasoactive drugs for children admitted to PICU with influenza.

Methods: We evaluated all admissions to PICUs in England for resident children with a recorded influenza diagnosis between September 2003 and March 2015.

Renal Replacement Therapy in the Critically Ill Child.

Objectives: Although renal replacement therapy is widely used in critically ill children, there have been few comprehensive population-based studies of its use. This article describes renal replacement therapy use, and associated outcomes, in critically ill children across the United Kingdom in the largest cohort study of this patient group.

Design: A retrospective observational study using prospectively collected data.

Comparison of ethnic group classification using naming analysis and routinely collected data: application to cancer incidence trends in children and young people.

Objective: Inpatient Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) ethnicity data are available but not always collected and data quality can be unreliable. This may have implications when assessing outcomes by ethnicity. An alternative method for assigning ethnicity is using naming algorithms.

A proposal for a new classification of complications in craniosynostosis surgery.

OBJECTIVE Complications have been used extensively to facilitate evaluation of craniosynostosis practice. However, description of complications tends to be nonstandardized, making comparison difficult. The authors propose a new pragmatic classification of complications that relies on prospective data collection, is geared to capture significant morbidity as well as any "near misses" in a systematic fashion, and can be used as a quality improvement tool.

Intensive Care Admissions for Children With Enterovirus and Human Parechovirus Infections in the United Kingdom and The Republic of Ireland, 2010-2014.

Enteroviruses and human parechoviruses usually cause mild, self-limiting illnesses in children but can occasionally cause severe disease. During 2010-2014, 104 children in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland were admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit with severe enterovirus and human parechovirus infection; 40% had neurologic symptoms, 20% respiratory failure, 16% cardiac complications and 11% septic shock. Annual number of cases and incidence increased in the 5-year period, from 0.

Whole Grain Consumption and Breast Cancer: A Case-Control Study in Women.

Objective: Whole grain consumption has long been associated with human health. However, its relationship with breast cancer remains not well understood and appreciated. The aim of this work was to evaluate the association between whole grain consumption and breast cancer in women.