Publications by authors named "Melody Dehghan"
Introduction: Pancreatitis in inflammatory bowel disease has been attributed to peripancreatic intestinal disease and/or drug-induced pancreatic toxicity. We used large cohort analyses to define inflammatory bowel disease and pancreatitis temporal co-occurrence with a detailed descriptive analysis to gain greater insight into the pathophysiological relationship between these 2 diseases.
Methods: Truven Health MarketScan private insurance claims from 141,017,841 patients (younger than 65 years) and 7,457,709 patients from 4 academic hospitals were analyzed.
Background: Patients with Crohn's disease (CD) may develop fibrostenotic strictures. No currently available therapies prevent or treat fibrostenotic CD (FCD), making this a critical unmet need.
Aim: To compare health outcomes and resource utilisation between CD patients with and without fibrostenotic disease.
Background: Existing studies on the effects of biological medications on surgical complications among patients with ulcerative colitis have mixed results. Because biologicals may hinder response to infections and wound healing, preoperative exposure may increase postoperative complications.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate associations between biological exposure within 6 months preceding colectomy or proctocolectomy and postoperative complications among patients with ulcerative colitis.
Introduction: Biologic agents including infliximab are effective but costly therapies in the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Home infliximab infusions are increasingly payer-mandated to minimize infusion-related costs. This study aimed to compare biologic medication use, health outcomes, and overall cost of care for adult and pediatric patients with IBD receiving home vs office- vs hospital-based infliximab infusions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The impact of the 2014 Affordable Care Act (ACA) upon national trauma-related emergency department (ED) utilization is unknown. We assessed ACA-related changes in ED use and payer mix, hypothesizing that post-ACA ED visits would decline and Medicaid coverage would increase disproportionately in regions of widespread policy adoption.
Methods: We queried the National Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) for those with a primary trauma diagnosis, aged 18 to 64.
Objectives: Unnecessary use of antibiotics is an increasing problem. In this study, we sought to determine the diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin in predicting bacteremia in children with a central line and fever, and we sought to determine optimal cutoff values to maximize sensitivity and specificity. This is the largest study to date in which procalcitonin is examined as a predictive marker of bacteremia in pediatric patients with a central line and fever.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Data on the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by age group are available in countries outside of the United States or localized populations within the United States. We aimed to estimate the incidence rates (IRs) of IBD by age group using a US multiregional data set.
Methods: We used the Optum Research Database to identify incident IBD patients with a disease-free interval of 1.
Importance: Through prescription writing, dental clinicians are a potential source of initial opioid exposure and subsequent abuse for adolescents and young adults.
Objective: To examine the association between index dental opioid prescriptions from dental clinicians for opioid-naive adolescents and young adults in 2015 and new persistent use and subsequent diagnoses of abuse in this population.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective cohort study examined outpatient opioid prescriptions for patients aged 16 to 25 years in the Optum Research Database in 2015.
Background: Depression frequently co-occurs in patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] and is a driver in health care costs and use.
Aim: This study examined the associations between depression and total health care costs, emergency department [ED] visits, computed tomography [CT] during ED/inpatient visits, and IBD-related surgery among IBD patients.
Methods: Our sample included 331772 IBD patients from a national administrative claims database [Truven Health MarketScan® Database].
Background: Opioids are commonly prescribed for relief in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Emerging evidence suggests that adolescents and young adults are a vulnerable population at particular risk of becoming chronic opioid users and experiencing adverse effects.
Objectives: This study evaluates trends in the prevalence and persistence of chronic opioid therapy in adolescents and young adults with IBD in the United States.
Background & Aims: Epidemiologic analyses of acute pancreatitis (AP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) provide insight into causes and strategies for prevention and affect allocation of resources to its study and treatment. We sought to determine current and accurate incidences of AP and CP, along with the prevalence of CP, in children and adults in the United States.
Methods: We collected data from the Truven MarketScan Research Databases of commercial inpatient and outpatient insurance claims in the United States from 2007 through 2014 (patients 0-64 years old).