Maxillary anterior ridge augmentation with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2.

No human studies exist on the use of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) on an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) as a sole graft material for lateral ridge augmentation in large ridge defect sites. This series evaluates the treatment outcome of maxillary anterior lateral ridge augmentation with rhBMP-2/ACS. Twenty patients were treated with rhBMP-2/ACS and fixation screws for space maintenance.

Histologic evaluation of an allogeneic mineralized bone matrix in the treatment of periodontal osseous defects.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of an allogeneic bone matrix to regenerate new bone, cementum, and periodontal ligament around a previously diseased root surface. Four patients with severe chronic periodontitis and teeth with hopeless periodontal or restorative prognoses participated in this study. One tooth with a severe intraosseous defect was selected per patient.

Living cellular construct for increasing the width of keratinized gingiva: results from a randomized, within-patient, controlled trial.

Background: The standard of care for increasing keratinized gingiva adjacent to teeth that do not require root coverage is the free gingival graft (FGG). A pilot study indicated that the use of a living cellular construct (LCC) could be effective in this clinical scenario.

Methods: A pivotal, multicenter, randomized, within-patient, controlled, open-label trial was conducted (N = 96 patients).

Periodontal regeneration using an anabolic peptide with two carriers in baboons.

Background: Various growth proteins have been used to encourage periodontal tissue regeneration. The purpose of this pilot study is to evaluate the periodontal regeneration achieved with the use of a synthetic anabolic peptide (AP) combined with either beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) or an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) as the carrier.

Methods: Periodontal defects were created bilaterally adjacent to four mandibular teeth in five baboons.

Clinical and histologic evaluation of calcium-phosphate bone cement in interproximal osseous defects in humans: a report in four patients.

This study evaluated the clinical and histologic results of a calcium phosphate bone cement in the treatment of human periodontal intraosseous defects. Four patients with chronic advanced periodontitis in whom treatment with complete dentures was planned were recruited. The cement was implanted in one defect per subject with a presurgical probing depth of at least 7 mm and a radiographic bone defect of 4 mm or more.

Clinical and histologic evaluation of non-surgical periodontal therapy with enamel matrix derivative: a report of four cases.

Background: Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) is a composite of proteins that was demonstrated histologically to work as an adjunct to periodontal regenerative surgical therapy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and histologic effects of EMD as an adjunct to scaling and root planing.

Methods: Four patients with severe chronic periodontitis and scheduled to receive complete dentures were accrued.

Histological and clinical evaluation of recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor combined with beta tricalcium phosphate for the treatment of human Class III furcation defects.

Four patients with chronic advanced periodontitis participated in this study. At least one mandibular first molar had to have a hopeless periodontal and prosthetic prognosis. Clinical measurements were made, and the furcation defects were surgically exposed.

Evaluation of a mineralized cancellous bone allograft for the treatment of periodontal osseous defects: 6-month surgical reentry.

This study evaluated the effectiveness of a mineralized cancellous bone allograft (Puros) for the treatment of human periodontal osseous defects. Twenty patients with chronic periodontitis each contributed at least one intrabony defect. The surgical procedure consisted of flap reflection, debridement of the defect, root planing, and placement of the bone graft in the defect, followed by flap closure.

Comparison of clinical, periapical radiograph, and cone-beam volume tomography measurement techniques for assessing bone level changes following regenerative periodontal therapy.

Background: Intraoral radiographs (IRs) provide a two-dimensional view of osseous structures, whereas cone-beam volumetric tomography (CBVT) images are viewable in three dimensions. The aim of this investigation was to compare the measurements from digital IR and CBVT images to direct surgical measurements for the evaluation of regenerative treatment outcomes.

Methods: Digital IR and CBVT images were taken prior to initial bone grafting and at the 6-month reentry surgery for 35 intrabony defects.

Clinical evaluation of demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft with and without enamel matrix derivative for the treatment of periodontal osseous defects in humans.

Background: Beneficial clinical effects have been demonstrated with the addition of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) to demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) compared to EMD alone. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of DFDBA combined with EMD compared to DFDBA alone in the treatment of intraosseous defects of chronic periodontitis.

Methods: Thirty-two patients with 41 intrabony defects > or = 3 mm were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups.

Human histologic and clinical evaluation of recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor and beta-tricalcium phosphate for the treatment of periodontal intraosseous defects.

This study histologically evaluated recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-BB (rhPDGF-BB) in combination with beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) for the treatment of human intraosseous periodontal defects. Eight patients, each with two teeth treatment planned for extraction, were enrolled. Presurgical measurements included probing depth, clinical attachment level, and recession.

Modified-release subantimicrobial dose doxycycline enhances scaling and root planing in subjects with periodontal disease.

Background: Previous studies showed that adjunctive subantimicrobial dose doxycycline (SDD; 20 mg, twice daily) provides significant clinical benefits to scaling and root planing (SRP). A modified-release SDD formulation containing 40 mg doxycycline (SDD-40) to be taken once daily has been developed. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of SDD-40 when used as an adjunct to SRP for the treatment of periodontitis.

The effect of ultrasound on bone dimensional changes following extraction: a pilot study.

Background: Because of bone resorption following tooth extraction, preservation of adequate bony dimension is performed often for subsequent treatment with dental implants. This study evaluated a novel, non-invasive treatment using ultrasound to accelerate healing following extraction to minimize alveolar bone loss. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of ultrasound on the dimensional healing changes of alveolar bone following tooth extraction using cone-beam volumetric tomography (CBVT).

The efficacy of subgingival calculus removal with endoscopy-aided scaling and root planing: a study on multirooted teeth.

Background: The dental endoscope was developed to facilitate visualization of the subgingival environment as an aid in diagnosis and non-surgical root debridement. The purpose of this study was to determine whether endoscopy-aided scaling and root planing (SRP) resulted in a greater reduction of residual calculus compared to SRP alone in multirooted teeth.

Methods: Twenty-four patients were enrolled and contributed 35 tooth pairs (70 teeth in total).

Histologic and clinical evaluation of an allogeneic bone matrix for the treatment of periodontal osseous defects.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of an allogeneic bone matrix (Grafton, Osteotech) to regenerate new bone, new cementum, and a new periodontal ligament around teeth previously contaminated by bacterial plaque. Four patients with chronic advanced periodontitis and who were scheduled for full-mouth extraction were enrolled in the study. One patient dropped out from the study before any therapy began.

The effectiveness of subgingival scaling and root planing: an evaluation of therapy with and without the use of the periodontal endoscope.

Background: A fiber-optic periodontal endoscope was developed to aid in the visualization of subgingival structures and to improve the diagnosis and management of periodontal diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine whether use of the periodontal endoscope with scaling and root planing (SRP) resulted in a decrease in residual calculus compared to SRP alone.

Methods: Fifteen subjects with 50 tooth pairs participated in this study.

Application of periodontal tissue engineering using enamel matrix derivative and a human fibroblast-derived dermal substitute to stimulate periodontal wound healing in Class III furcation defects.

Background: Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) has been shown to promote several aspects of periodontal regeneration in vitro and in vivo. Recently, a bioengineered tissue (DG) was developed to promote wound healing of chronic skin ulcers. This pilot study sought to assess the effects of EMD and DG, alone or in combination, on periodontal wound healing in surgically created Class III furcation defects.

Platelet-derived growth factor stimulates bone fill and rate of attachment level gain: results of a large multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: Growth factors are generally accepted to be essential mediators of tissue repair via well-established mechanisms of action that include stimulatory effects on angiogenesis and cellular proliferation, ingrowth, differentiation, and matrix biosynthesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate in a large-scale, prospective, blinded, and randomized controlled clinical trial the safety and effectiveness of purified recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor (rhPDGF-BB) mixed with a synthetic beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) matrix for the treatment of advanced periodontal osseous defects at 6 months of healing.

Methods: Eleven clinical centers enrolled 180 subjects, each requiring surgical treatment of a 4 mm or greater intrabony periodontal defect and meeting all inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Histologic evaluation of mineralized and demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft for ridge and sinus augmentations.

The objective of this study was to quantify new bone formation from biopsies of demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) and freeze-dried bone allograft (FDBA) following ridge and sinus augmentations. Ninety-three patients who received maxillary sinus or ridge augmentation grafts agreed to core biopsies of their grafts when the implants were placed. Samples ranged from 6 to 36 months postgrafting.

Immediate and early loading of SLA ITI single-tooth implants: an in vivo study.

Purpose: The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether early and immediate loading of dental implants resulted in adverse consequences as determined clinically, radiographically, and histologically.

Materials And Methods: In a canine model, 48 sand-blasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) surfaced implants were placed at 4 different times before definitive restoration and loading. These times were 3 months (group A), 21 days (group B), 10 days (group C), and 2 days (immediately) (group D) before loading.

Evaluation of demineralized bone matrix paste and putty in periodontal intraosseous defects.

Background: Demineralized bone matrix (DBX) paste and putty are particulate demineralized bone matrices in a 2% or 4% hyaluronate carrier, respectively. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of DBX paste and putty compared to demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) in the treatment of human intraosseous periodontal defects.

Methods: Sixty systemically healthy individuals between the ages of 31 and 71 years with at least one intraosseous periodontal defect of > or = 3 mm in depth and radiographic evidence of at least 40% to 50% vertical bone loss were accrued.

Clinical evaluation of demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft and enamel matrix derivative versus enamel matrix derivative alone for the treatment of periodontal osseous defects in humans.

Background: A recent study suggests that the addition of enamel matrix derivative to demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft may enhance osseoinduction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) in combination with enamel matrix derivative (EMD + DFDBA) compared to enamel matrix derivative (EMD) alone in the treatment of human intrabony periodontal defects.

Methods: Forty patients with a total of 67 sites (intrabony defect > or = 3 mm deep) were selected to participate in this single-masked, parallel design, randomized, controlled clinical trial.

A multicenter study evaluating the sensitization potential of enamel matrix derivative after treatment of two infrabony defects.

Background: Several studies reported some success toward regeneration in infrabony defects using enamel matrix derivative (EMD). Clinically and statistically significant improvements in probing depth reduction, clinical attachment levels, and bone fill have been demonstrated. This multi-center study evaluated the potential for sensitization to EMD in a subgroup of periodontal patients treated at least twice with at least 2 months between treatments.

Clinical and histologic evaluation of anorganic bovine bone collagen with or without a collagen barrier.

This study evaluated an anorganic bovine-derived xenograft (Bio-Oss Collagen) in the treatment of human periodontal defects. Four patients with intrabony defects on teeth that were treatment planned for extraction were enrolled in the study. Presurgical measurements of probing depth, attachment level, and recession were recorded.