Magnetic Composite Carbon from Microcrystalline Cellulose to Tackle Paracetamol Contamination: Kinetics, Mass Transfer, Equilibrium, and Thermodynamic Studies.

This study reported a one-spot preparation of magnetic composite carbon (MCC@Fe) from microcrystalline cellulose (MC). The pure cellulose was impregnated in iron (III) chloride solution and carbonized at 650 °C. The MCC@Fe composite adsorbent underwent various characterization techniques.

Biomechanical Finite Element Analysis of Two Types of Short-Angled Implants Across Various Bone Classifications.

The aim of this finite element analysis (FEA) was to investigate the distribution of von Mises stress within dental implant components, as well as trabecular and cortical bone. The study considered various bone qualities that influence cortical thickness in contact with the implant, specifically examining cortical thicknesses of 0.5, 1.

Challenges in Assembling the Dated Tree of Life.

The assembly of a comprehensive and dated Tree of Life (ToL) remains one of the most formidable challenges in evolutionary biology. The complexity of life's history, involving both vertical and horizontal transmission of genetic information, defies its representation by a simple bifurcating phylogeny. With the advent of genome and metagenome sequencing, vast amounts of data have become available.

Myeloid GSK3α Deficiency Reduces Lesional Inflammation and Neovascularization during Atherosclerotic Progression.

The molecular mechanisms by which cardiovascular risk factors promote the development of atherosclerosis are poorly understood. We have recently shown that genetic ablation of myeloid glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3α attenuates atherosclerotic lesion development in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient (Ldlr) mice. However, the precise contributions of GSK3α/β in atherogenesis are not known.

A time-calibrated phylogeny of the diversification of Holoadeninae frogs.

The phylogeny of the major lineages of Amphibia has received significant attention in recent years, although evolutionary relationships within families remain largely neglected. One such overlooked group is the subfamily Holoadeninae, comprising 73 species across nine genera and characterized by a disjunct geographical distribution. The lack of a fossil record for this subfamily hampers the formulation of a comprehensive evolutionary hypothesis for their diversification.

Modeling Substitution Rate Evolution across Lineages and Relaxing the Molecular Clock.

Relaxing the molecular clock using models of how substitution rates change across lineages has become essential for addressing evolutionary problems. The diversity of rate evolution models and their implementations are substantial, and studies have demonstrated their impact on divergence time estimates can be as significant as that of calibration information. In this review, we trace the development of rate evolution models from the proposal of the molecular clock concept to the development of sophisticated Bayesian and non-Bayesian methods that handle rate variation in phylogenies.

Temporalities of oxytocin for labour augmentation: a mixed-methods study of time factors shaping labour practices in a busy maternity unit in Tanzania.

Background: High rates of labour augmentation with oxytocin have been found in some low- and lower-middle-income countries, causing potential perinatal harm. It is critical to understand the reasons for this overuse. Aim was to explore factors that shape practices around using oxytocin for labour augmentation in a high-volume labour ward in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Hybrid nanocellulose material as an adsorbent to remove reactive yellow 2 dye.

Textile dyes are frequently disposable in aqueous effluents, making it difficult to remove them from industrial effluents before their release to natural waters. This paper deals with the fabrication of cellulose-based adsorbents by reacting nanocelulose crystalline (nanocel) with N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine (TMSPEDA), forming the hybrid (silylpropyl)ethylenediamine@nanocellulose (SPEDA@nanocel), which was employed as adsorbent for the uptake of reactive yellow 2 dye (RY-2) from aqueous effluents. Characterisation of SPEDA@nanocel was carried out using FTIR, SEM-EDS, XRD, TGA, surface area, pH, and hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity ratio (HI).

The most important technologies and highlights for biogas production worldwide.

Bioenergy or green fuel has been considered the fuel of the future for being a type of renewable energy that contributes to the preservation of the environment as it helps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In this way, biogas offers a potential alternative to fossil fuels from anaerobic digestion (AD) bioprocess, which allows the action of several microorganisms in the transformation of substrates into biogas and secondary bioproducts. Over the years, researchers have discussed that low yields in AD are associated with different factors such as type of wastewater, reactor configuration, substrate concentration, temperature, organic loading rates, and biomass concentration inside of the reactor.

Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity of Pulp, Peel and Seeds from Jeriva ().

Jeriva () is a fruit from palm trees of the Arecaceae family, widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas of Latin America. It has low production costs and high productivity throughout the year; however, its consumption is very low, and the production goes almost entirely to feed animals or to waste. To improve its consumption, a good characterization of the whole fruit is necessary.

Modeler liquids: Effect on the cohesive strength, color and staining resistance of stratified resin composite restorations.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of filled and unfilled modeler liquids on the cohesive strength and color stability when applied in between the resin composite layers in the stratification technique and on the uppermost surface layer.

Methods: For the cohesive strength test (n= 10), 30 cylindrical samples were packed into a Teflon mold (6x2 mm) in 2 mm increments. Firstly, a dentin-shade resin composite (Empress Direct) was placed, followed by the accommodation of a body-shade resin composite (Filtek Z350 XT) and an enamel-shade resin composite (Estelite Omega).

The role of cue salience in prospective memory commission errors in nonperformed nonfocal tasks.

Prospective memory (PM) refers to the ability to remember to execute an intention in the future without having a permanent reminder. These intentions can be performed when they are not relevant or become no-longer needed, the so-called "commission errors". The present study aims to understand the effect of cue salience on PM commission errors with unperformed intentions and on the ongoing task performance-associated costs.

The Genome of Plasmodium gonderi: Insights into the Evolution of Human Malaria Parasites.

Plasmodium species causing malaria in humans are not monophyletic, sharing common ancestors with nonhuman primate parasites. Plasmodium gonderi is one of the few known Plasmodium species infecting African old-world monkeys that are not found in apes. This study reports a de novo assembled P.

Extreme lymphocytosis in a dog with T-zone lymphoma.

Background: Canine T-zone lymphoma (TZL) is recognized as an indolent CD45-T cell lymphoma, with low aggressiveness and high overall survival. The diagnosis is obtained by histopathology and immunohistochemistry, but also by cytological examination of the lymph node associated with immunophenotyping. Lymphocytosis is commonly identified as around 10,000 cells/µl and may reach 30,760 cells/µl.

The Effect of Telerehabilitation on Physical Fitness and Depression/Anxiety in Post-COVID-19 Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Aim: The aim of this research was to evaluate the impact of a telerehabilitation program on physical fitness, muscle strength, and levels of depression and anxiety in post-COVID-19 patients.

Methods: Thirty-two individuals recovered from COVID-19 (48.20±12.

A nonequilibrium allosteric model for receptor-kinase complexes: The role of energy dissipation in chemotaxis signaling.

The chemotaxis signaling pathway has served as a model system for the adaptive sensing of environmental signals by large protein complexes. The chemoreceptors control the kinase activity of CheA in response to the extracellular ligand concentration and adapt across a wide concentration range by undergoing methylation and demethylation. Methylation shifts the kinase response curve by orders of magnitude in ligand concentration while incurring a much smaller change in the ligand binding curve.

Divergence time estimates for the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF1α) reveal an ancient emergence of animals in low-oxygen environments.

Unveiling the tempo and mode of animal evolution is necessary to understand the links between environmental changes and biological innovation. Although the earliest unambiguous metazoan fossils date to the late Ediacaran period, molecular clock estimates agree that the last common ancestor (LCA) of all extant animals emerged ~850 Ma, in the Tonian period, before the oldest evidence for widespread ocean oxygenation at ~635-560 Ma in the Ediacaran period. Metazoans are aerobic organisms, that is, they are dependent on oxygen to survive.

Employ a Clay@TMSPDETA hybrid material as an adsorbent to remove textile dyes from wastewater effluents.

A grafting of N-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)diethylenetriamine (TMSPDETA) on natural clay was carried out to obtain an organic-inorganic hybrid clay material that was applied as an adsorbent to the uptake of Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19) and Reactive Green 19 (RG-19) dyes from aqueous wastewaters. This research demonstrates the effect of TMSPDETA contents on amino-functionalized clay materials' hydrophobic/hydrophilic behavior. The resultant material was utilized to uptake reactive dyes in aqueous solutions.

Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) in urban-rural interfaces: community structure associated with pathogen screening in São Paulo-the largest metropolitan region in Brazil.

Little is known about the influence of the urban environments on bat species 'ecology. The urbanization process potentially lead to critical ecological changes in bat communities' intra and interspecific pathogenic transmissions dynamics. To date, the monitoring of pathogens in bats in Brazil has only been done with bats found dead or alive in households, from rabies surveillance systems.

Resolving the binding-kinase discrepancy in bacterial chemotaxis: A nonequilibrium allosteric model and the role of energy dissipation.

The Escherichia coli chemotaxis signaling pathway has served as a model system for studying the adaptive sensing of environmental signals by large protein complexes. The chemoreceptors control the kinase activity of CheA in response to the extracellular ligand concentration and adapt across a wide concentration range by undergoing methylation and demethylation. Methylation shifts the kinase response curve by orders of magnitude in ligand concentration while incurring a much smaller change in the ligand binding curve.

Remembering to whom we transmit information during pandemics: the effect of face masks on destination memory.

Considering the global pandemic we currently experience, face masks have become standard in our daily routine. Even though surgical masks are established as a safety measure against the dissemination of COVID-19, previous research showed that their wearing compromises face recognition. Consequently, the capacity to remember to whom we transmit information-destination memory-could also be compromised.

Assessing the relative performance of fast molecular dating methods for phylogenomic data.

Advances in genome sequencing techniques produced a significant growth of phylogenomic datasets. This massive amount of data represents a computational challenge for molecular dating with Bayesian approaches. Rapid molecular dating methods have been proposed over the last few decades to overcome these issues.

Modeling Alzheimer's Disease Using Human Brain Organoids.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the primary cause of dementia, to date. The urgent need to understand the biological and biochemical processes related to this condition, as well as the demand for reliable in vitro models for drug screening, has led to the development of novel techniques, among which stem cell methods are of utmost relevance for AD research, particularly the development of human brain organoids. Brain organoids are three-dimensional cellular aggregates derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) that recreate different neural cell interactions and tissue characteristics in culture.