[Simple technique of percutaneous ligation of accessory veins for salvage of failing arteriovenous fistulae].

Introduction: Non-maturing arteriovenous fistula is a common problem in hemodialysis units. The main reasons for maturation failure include a poor venous system, vein stenosis, stenosis in an anastomosis, or the presence of collateral veins. Currently, the usual approach to eliminate collateral vein drainage consists in surgical ligation or coil embolization; however, these procedures are time-consuming, logistically demanding and expensive.

[Bloodstream infections of the intravascular access devices - case reports and review of the literature].

Long-term access devices (VAD) in oncology patients are the elemental procedure of contemporary treatment. Apart from their indisputable benefit they are linked with an increased risk of infectious complications, ranging between simple colonisation of a device to catheter related bloodstream infections. The decision to salvage or extract the VAD in case of bloodstream infection depends on patient's clinical state, localisation of infection (site of insertion, catheter or pocket), casual agent and complications (e.