Optimal control and cost-effectiveness analysis for the human melioidosis model.

In this work, we formulated and investigated an optimal control problem of the melioidosis epidemic to explain the effectiveness of time-dependent control functions in controlling the spread of the epidemic. The basic reproduction number with control measures is obtained, using the next-generation matrix approach and the impact of the controls on is illustrated numerically. The optimal control problem is analyzed using Pontryagin's maximum principle to derive the optimality system.

Flexible Bayesian semiparametric mixed-effects model for skewed longitudinal data.

Background: In clinical trials and epidemiological research, mixed-effects models are commonly used to examine population-level and subject-specific trajectories of biomarkers over time. Despite their increasing popularity and application, the specification of these models necessitates a great deal of care when analysing longitudinal data with non-linear patterns and asymmetry. Parametric (linear) mixed-effect models may not capture these complexities flexibly and adequately.

Socio-demographic, environmental and behavioural risk factors of diarrhoea among under-five children in rural Ethiopia: further analysis of the 2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey.

Background: Diarrhoea is one of the major contributors to death among under-five children in Ethiopia. Studies conducted in different countries showed that rural children are more severely affected by diarrhoea than urban children. Thus, this study was aimed to identify the socio-demographic, environmental and behavioural associated risk factors of the occurrence of diarrhoea among under-five children in rural Ethiopia.