Molecular contribution to embryonic aneuploidy and karyotypic complexity in initial cleavage divisions of mammalian development.

Embryonic aneuploidy is highly complex, often leading to developmental arrest, implantation failure or spontaneous miscarriage in both natural and assisted reproduction. Despite our knowledge of mitotic mis-segregation in somatic cells, the molecular pathways regulating chromosome fidelity during the error-prone cleavage-stage of mammalian embryogenesis remain largely undefined. Using bovine embryos and live-cell fluorescent imaging, we observed frequent micro-/multi-nucleation of mis-segregated chromosomes in initial mitotic divisions that underwent unilateral inheritance, re-fused with the primary nucleus or formed a chromatin bridge with neighboring cells.

Sepsis prediction, early detection, and identification using clinical text for machine learning: a systematic review.

Objective: To determine the effects of using unstructured clinical text in machine learning (ML) for prediction, early detection, and identification of sepsis.

Materials And Methods: PubMed, Scopus, ACM DL, dblp, and IEEE Xplore databases were searched. Articles utilizing clinical text for ML or natural language processing (NLP) to detect, identify, recognize, diagnose, or predict the onset, development, progress, or prognosis of systemic inflammatory response syndrome, sepsis, severe sepsis, or septic shock were included.

Outcomes of patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that harbor a mutation.

Background: mutation ( ) in patients (pts) with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is associated with inferior survival and poor response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). The significance of in stage III NSCLC pts treated with concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT) with or without consolidation ICI is unknown.

Methods: Stage III NSCLC patients who received CCRT and had known mutational status were included in this retrospective study.

Clinical factors and outcomes of subsegmental pulmonary embolism in cancer patients.

In the cancer population, patients diagnosed with venous thromboembolism (VTE) are considered to have a threefold increased risk of mortality compared with those without VTE. With the advent of modern computed tomography (CT), the rate of diagnosis of subsegmental pulmonary embolism (SSPE) has increased, likely as a result of improved visualization of the peripheral pulmonary arteries. The clinical significance of SSPE remains unclear because of the lack of randomized controlled clinical trials.

The Story of Angiogenesis Inhibitors in Non-small-cell Lung Cancer: The Past, Present, and Future.

The treatment of advanced non-small-lung cancer (NSCLC) has steadily evolved over the past 2 decades, and current therapy includes chemoimmunotherapy or targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Angiogenesis inhibitors were first approved in the mid-2000s in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of NSCLC. The addition of anti-angiogenics to chemotherapy resulted in modest increases in survival when median overall survival was less than 1 year.

VariantQC: a visual quality control report for variant evaluation.

Summary: Large scale genomic studies produce millions of sequence variants, generating datasets far too massive for manual inspection. To ensure variant and genotype data are consistent and accurate, it is necessary to evaluate variants prior to downstream analysis using quality control (QC) reports. Variant call format (VCF) files are the standard format for representing variant data; however, generating summary statistics from these files is not always straightforward.

mGAP: the macaque genotype and phenotype resource, a framework for accessing and interpreting macaque variant data, and identifying new models of human disease.

Background: Non-human primates (NHPs), particularly macaques, serve as critical and highly relevant pre-clinical models of human disease. The similarity in human and macaque natural disease susceptibility, along with parallel genetic risk alleles, underscores the value of macaques in the development of effective treatment strategies. Nonetheless, there are limited genomic resources available to support the exploration and discovery of macaque models of inherited disease.

Single-cell sequencing of primate preimplantation embryos reveals chromosome elimination via cellular fragmentation and blastomere exclusion.

Aneuploidy that arises during meiosis and/or mitosis is a major contributor to early embryo loss. We previously showed that human preimplantation embryos encapsulate missegregated chromosomes into micronuclei while undergoing cellular fragmentation and that fragments can contain chromosomal material, but the source of this DNA was unknown. Here, we leveraged the use of a nonhuman primate model and single-cell DNA-sequencing (scDNA-seq) to examine the chromosomal content of 471 individual samples comprising 254 blastomeres, 42 polar bodies, and 175 cellular fragments from a large number ( = 50) of disassembled rhesus cleavage-stage embryos.

Predictors of Survival in Patients with Advanced Gastrointestinal Malignancies Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit.

Background: Patients with cancer have a high use of health care utilization at the end of life, which can frequently involve admissions to the intensive care unit (ICU). We sought to evaluate the predictors for outcome in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer admitted to the ICU for nonsurgical conditions.

Patients And Methods: The primary objective was to determine the predictors of hospital mortality.

Reducing patient and provider knowledge gaps: An evaluation of a community informed hepatitis C online course.

Objectives: Hepatitis C (HCV) knowledge gaps are associated with lower levels of engagement in (HCV) care which contributes to HCV-related morbidity and mortality. Knowledge gaps may be exacerbated by rapid changes in HCV care/treatment. Cost-effective, timely and easy-to-implement education is needed to address knowledge gaps and foster HCV engagement.

Older Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Have More Advanced Disease, Lower Rates of Treatment, and Lower Survival.

Goals: To evaluate age-specific disparities in cancer stage at diagnosis, receipt of treatment, and survival among adults with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Background: HCC has become the fastest rising cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. The aging population coupled with the rising incidence of HCC will result in an emerging cohort of older patients with HCC placing significant burden health care systems.

Race/ethnicity-specific disparities in cancer incidence, burden of disease, and overall survival among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the fastest rising causes of cancer-related deaths in the United States, with disparities observed in cancer incidence and survival between ethnic groups. This report provides updated analyses on race-specific disparities in US HCC trends.

Methods: This large, population-based cohort study was conducted using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer registry data from 2003 to 2011 to investigate race-specific disparities in HCC incidence and survival.

Race/Ethnicity-specific Disparities in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Stage at Diagnosis and its Impact on Receipt of Curative Therapies.

Goals: To evaluate race/ethnicity-specific disparities in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stage at diagnosis and how this impacts receiving curative therapies.

Background: HCC is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The highest incidence of HCC is seen among ethnic minorities in the United States.

Birth cohort-specific disparities in hepatocellular carcinoma stage at diagnosis, treatment, and long-term survival.

Background & Aims: Individuals born between 1945 and 1965 account for nearly 75% of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in the United States. As this cohort ages, progressive HCV-related liver disease leading to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) will place a significant burden on the healthcare system. We aim to evaluate birth cohort-specific disparities in HCC stage at diagnosis, treatment rates, and overall survival with a focus on the 1945-1965 birth cohort.

The first wave of the 1918 influenza pandemic among soldiers of the Canadian expeditionary force.

Objectives: This article evaluates the evidence for the presence of the first, mild wave of the 1918 influenza pandemic among soldiers in the Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF).

Methods: Death records for soldiers in the CEF who died in Canada in 1917 and 1918 were extracted from the Commonwealth War Graves Commission and record-linked to the Canada War Graves Registers, Circumstances of Casualty database. Monthly mortality rates from pneumonia and influenza (P&I) were compared with mortality rates from all other causes for 1917 and 1918, and by region for 1918.