Precision Diabetes Education and Support Considering Patients' Behavioral and Psychological Phenotype: A Q-Methodology Study.

Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is growing, and diabetes burden is increasing. Precision health in diabetes education and support employs different intervention strategies, depending on an individual's viewpoint on diabetes and self-management behaviors, to improve patients' treatment adherence, clinical outcomes, and quality of life.

Objective: To classify the behavioral and psychological phenotypes of self-management behaviors in adults taking oral glucose-lowering medications to develop a theory-driven, person-centered group intervention applicable to busy clinical settings.

Differences in patient-reported and clinical characteristics by age group in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Background: The global burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is growing, and the age of onset is widening, resulting in increasing numbers of young adults and elderly patients with T2D. Age-specific diabetes care needs have yet to be fully explored.

Aims: This study examined (1) differences in patient-reported and clinical characteristics by age group and (2) the effect of age on two proxy measures assessing psychological health and self-care adherence after adjusting for potential mediators.

Longitudinal changes in diet quality and food intake before and after diabetes awareness in American adults: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study.

Introduction: Limited longitudinal research is available examining how American adults make dietary changes after learning they have diabetes. We examined the associations between diabetes awareness and changes in dietary quality and food intake in a prospective cohort from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study.

Research Design And Methods: A nested case-control design was used.

Enhancing caregivers self-management for their children who require medical technology: A feasibility study for the COPE-STAR intervention.

Purpose: To test feasibility of the Creating Opportunities for Personal Empowerment: Symptom and Technology Management Resources intervention for caregivers of children who require medical technologies of tracheostomies and feeding tubes.

Design And Methods: Quasi-experimental one group design with measures at baseline and at 4 weeks. Intervention feasibility was tested from August 2019-June 2021, including recruitment, retention, and adherence, and caregiver satisfaction.

Comparisons of Psycho-Behavioral Factors, Body Composition, and Clinical Outcomes in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes by Perceived Hypoglycemia.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine the associations between perceived hypoglycemia and psycho-behavioral and clinical factors in persons with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: Adults with T2D were recruited from outpatient clinics in a university hospital in Korea. Sociodemographics, psycho-behavioral and clinical factors, and body composition were assessed.

Q-Methodology and Psychological Phenotyping to Design Patient-Centered Diabetes Education for Persons With Type 2 Diabetes on Insulin Therapy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the psychological phenotypes of persons with type 2 diabetes (T2D) on insulin therapy to better inform personalized diabetes education strategies to improve self-management behaviors.

Methods: Q-methodology, a research approach combining the quantitative rigor of statistical analysis with qualitative data on perception of diabetes self-management by persons with T2D on insulin therapy, was used. The Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activity measure and A1C in the past 6 months were used to further describe self-management behaviors of each P-sample, Q-sorter.

Characteristics associated with early- vs. later-onset adult diabetes: The CARDIA study.

Aims: Differences in risk profiles for individuals with early- (<40 years old) vs. later-onset (≥40 years old) diabetes were examined.

Methods: A nested case-comparison study design using 30-year longitudinal data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study was used.

Sleep quality and heart rate variability in adolescents with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

Introduction: Decreased sleep quality and lower heart rate variability (HRV) have both independently been associated with diabetes and may contribute to risks for cardiovascular disease. Although poor sleep quality has been associated with lower HRV in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D), studies of sleep quality in adolescents with (T2D) or studies examining the possible association of poor sleep quality with lower HRV in adolescents with T2D or T1D are not available.

Aim: Thus, we conducted a secondary analysis of data from an existing study to determine if there were associations between sleep quality and HRV in adolescents with T1D or T2D.

Preconception Care to Reduce the Risks of Overweight and Obesity in Women of Reproductive Age: An Integrative Review.

Despite adverse pregnancy outcomes for women with overweight or obesity, preconception guidelines for achieving optimal wellness for women contemplating pregnancy regarding the risks of overweight or obesity are varied based upon national affiliation. The aim of this study was to synthesize the best evidence related to preconception counseling and care focused on overweight or obesity provided to women of reproductive age. An integrative review of original studies was conducted.

Exercise Adherence in Hispanic Adolescents with Obesity or Type 2 Diabetes.

Purpose: Hispanic adolescents experience high rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study was to examine adherence to a 16-week personalized exercise intervention and the perception of family support for exercise, benefits and barriers to exercise and overall health in Hispanic adolescents diagnosed with obesity or type 2 diabetes.

Design And Methods: Using a secondary analysis of a larger feasibility trial, data from 21 Hispanic adolescents, 13 with T2D and 8 who were obese and 14 that completed the entire 16-week study (7 T2D; 7 obese) were analyzed.

Preliminary evidence of insulin resistance in young adults with impaired sleep.

Impaired sleep is associated with insulin resistance (IR), a precursor to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but is poorly understood in young adults. This cross-sectional study examined sleep characteristics, risk factors for T2DM, and IR in college students. Thirty-two college students (18-25 years) with either short sleep or poor quality sleep were assessed.

Evaluating Nursing Students' Perceptions of Using Quick Response Codes to Enhance Learning During Nursing Health Assessment.

Providing engaging activities to supplement classroom learning can be a challenge for today's nurse educator. Quick response (QR) code technology provides hands-on clinical experiences without the use of high-fidelity simulators. The purpose of this article is to evaluate how QR codes during a health assessment simulation activity enhanced learning for first-semester baccalaureate nursing students.

Evidence-Based Care of Children With Tracheostomies: Hospitalization to Home Care.

Routine tracheostomy care in children maintains airway patency, minimizes infection, and ensures skin integrity around the tracheostomy stoma to prevent complications. Using evidence-based recommendations for care of the mature tracheostomy limits variation in practice and leads to better patient outcomes in all care settings. Incorporating evidence-based care into practice is especially important because children with tracheostomies are at high risk for morbidity and mortality.

Creating opportunities for personal empowerment: Symptom and technology management resources (COPE-STAR) for caregivers of children who require medical technology.

Aim: This research protocol addresses the development of web-based modules for the 'creating opportunities for personal empowerment: symptom and technology management resources' intervention with caregivers of children who require medical technology. The commonly experienced symptoms of fever and increased respiratory symptoms (coughing, wheezing, increased secretions), and the care of technologies (tracheostomy tubes, respiratory equipment and feeding tubes) are addressed in this nurse-led and nurse-developed intervention.

Design: The purpose of this study was to develop web-based intervention modules and obtain review by expert and caregiver reviewers using a systematic, structured process and form.

Hospital admissions for hyperglycemic emergencies in young adults at an inner-city hospital.

Aims: There is limited information characterizing young adults (18-35 years) (YA) with diabetes, especially those admitted for hyperglycemic emergencies. The study aims were to examine associations of patient-level characteristics with hyperglycemic emergency hospitalization and to identify variations based on diabetes type and glycemic control.

Methods: We conducted retrospective analysis of 273 YA admitted to an inner-city hospital with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHS).

Heart Rate Variability and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Non-Hispanic Black Versus Non-Hispanic White Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes.

Background: Evidence indicates that fewer non-Hispanic black versus non-Hispanic white youths with type 1 diabetes are meeting treatment goals for optimal glycemic outcomes, predisposing them to risks for cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality in adulthood.

Purpose: We sought to assess the association of sex and race with heart rate variability (HRV) and cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. The association between the HRV and cardiorespiratory outcomes with glucose control was also examined.

Patterns of Physical Activity Adherence by Adolescents With Diabetes or Obesity Enrolled in a Personalized Community-Based Intervention.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of a personalized, 16-week community-based physical activity intervention for adolescents with diabetes or obesity and examine the weekly patterns of adherence to the intervention.

Methods: Physical activity adherence was evaluated throughout the intervention using accelerometers in 46 adolescents with type 1 diabetes (N = 22), type 2 diabetes (N = 12), or obesity (N = 12) (age, 14.4 ± 1.

Dietary Behaviors and Glucose Metabolism in Young Adults at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes.

Purpose The purpose of the study was to examine the associations between dietary behaviors and glucose metabolism in high-risk young adults to increase the precision of nutrition education to prevent early onset type 2 diabetes (T2D). Method Using a descriptive, cross-sectional study design, 106 overweight or obese sedentary young adults ages 18-29 years from the Atlanta metropolitan area were recruited to screen diabetes risk. Survey questionnaires, anthropometric assessment, blood pressure (BP), and laboratory data were collected in a clinical research unit.

Advancing the Development of the Guidelines for the Nursing of Children, Adolescents, and Families: 2014 Revision: Process, Development, and Dissemination.

This article details the process used to develop the revision of the original Guidelines that resulted in the development of the 2014 Health Care Quality and Outcomes Guidelines for Nursing of Children, Adolescents, and Families. Members of the 2014 Guidelines Revision Task Force conducted an extensive process of revision, which included the input and approval of 16 pediatric and child health nursing and affiliated organizational endorsements. The revised Guidelines were presented to and endorsed by the American Academy of Nursing Board.

Preventive strategies to reduce depressive symptoms in overweight and obese young adults.

This study examined the relationships among problem-solving, physical activity self-efficacy, leisure-time physical activity, and depressive symptoms in overweight/obese young adults vulnerable to many health risks. Data from 96 young adults were used. The mean age and body mass index were 24.

A Systematic Review of Transitional Care for Emerging Adults with Diabetes.

The prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes in adolescents is increasing. A systematic review of 31 research articles focusing on transitional care for adolescents or emerging adults with diabetes or prediabetes was completed. Studies focused on those with type 1 diabetes, not type 2 diabetes or prediabetes, and were primarily descriptive.

Toxic stress, inflammation and symptomatology of chronic complications in diabetes.

Diabetes affects at least 382 million people worldwide and the incidence is expected to reach 592 million by 2035. The incidence of diabetes in youth is skyrocketing as evidenced by a 21% increase in type 1 diabetes and a 30.5% increase in type 2 diabetes in the United States between 2001 and 2009.

A Pilot Randomized Trial of Text-Messaging for Symptom Awareness and Diabetes Knowledge in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes.

Adolescents with type 1 diabetes typically receive clinical care every 3 months. Between visits, diabetes-related issues may not be frequently reflected, learned, and documented by the patients, limiting their self-awareness and knowledge about their condition. We designed a text-messaging system to help resolve this problem.