High-Dose Neonatal Vitamin A Supplementation Transiently Decreases Thymic Function in Early Infancy.

Background: Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) impairs T-cell-mediated immunity. In regions where VAD is prevalent, vitamin A supplementation (VAS) reduces child mortality, perhaps by improving immune function.

Objective: Our objective was to determine if neonatal VAS would improve thymic function in Bangladeshi infants, and to determine if such effects differed by sex or nutritional status (i.

Design and implementation of a cross-sectional nutritional phenotyping study in healthy US adults.

Background: Metabolic imbalance is a key determinant of risk of chronic diseases. Metabolic health cannot be assessed solely by body mass calculations or by static, fasted state biochemical readouts. Although previous studies have described temporal responses to dietary challenges, these studies fail to assess the environmental factors associated with certain metabolic phenotypes and therefore, provide little scientific rationale for potentially effective intervention strategies.

Daily Cholecalciferol Supplementation during Pregnancy Alters Markers of Regulatory Immunity, Inflammation, and Clinical Outcomes in a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is widespread in pregnancy and has been associated with adverse health conditions in mothers and infants. Vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy may support the maintenance of pregnancy by its effects on innate and adaptive immunity.

Objective: We assessed the effects of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy on vitamin D status and markers of immune function associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.