The use of the FRAX® tool and its adjustments in women living with diabetes: a cohort study in primary care in Brazil.

Unlabelled: The FRAX® algorithm showed good accuracy in women living with DM followed in primary care. There were no differences between the ROC curve with and without adjustments for major and hip fractures. The FRAX® 10-year and FRAX® AR were better calibrated in this population.

Contrasting Bone Profiles in PCOS Are Related to BMI: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Context: Controversial results have emerged regarding whether polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is protective or increases the risk of bone frailty.

Objective: This study investigated whether the PCOS condition affects bone parameters of premenopausal women. This is an update for a previous meta-analysis published in 2019.

Bone strength is reduced in a neonatal androgenized rat model.

Background: Whether polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects bone health during a woman's lifespan remains controversial. An androgenized rodent model replicated many metabolic and reproductive features of women with PCOS, and we aimed to use it to investigate the impact of androgens on microarchitecture (by micro-CT), bone mechanical strength, bone formation and resorption markers in rats with intact ovaries (SHAM) who underwent oophorectomy.

Methods: Wistar rats ( were employed for the experiments in this study.

Comparison of image-based modified Ferriman-Gallway score evaluation with in-person evaluation: an alternative method for hirsutism diagnosis.

The gold standard for diagnosing hirsutism is based on the modified Ferriman-Gallway (mFG) score, requiring trained and in-person evaluation. Our study aimed to evaluate whether using mobile phone images of the nine mFG areas could offer an alternative way to support the diagnostic of hirsutism. All patients from an endocrine outpatient clinic underwent an initial mFG evaluation by two blinded, trained examiners.

Insulin Resistance and Its Association With Osteoporosis in People Living With HIV.

Background: Despite the gain in life expectancy that people living with HIV (PLHIV) have had in the past few years, the disease is accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of noninfectious chronic diseases. PLHIV have a higher prevalence of osteoporosis, fracture, diabetes mellitus, and insulin resistance than the general population. It is unknown if insulin resistance is associated with osteoporosis and fractures in PLHIV.

Incidence of fractures in women in the post-menopause: a cohort study in primary care in southern Brazil.

Unlabelled: The incidences of total fracture, major fracture, and hip fractures in primary care in Southern Brazil were 22.3, 15.0, and 3.

Low muscle mass in older adults and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Sarcopenia comprises a loss of muscle function and muscle mass. So far, the association between the later and mortality in older adults is inconsistent. A meta-analysis was performed to assess whether muscle mass measured by appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) is associated with higher mortality in older adults.

People Living With HIV, Lean Mass, and Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This systematic review aims to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia in people living with HIV (PLHIV) and to assess whether there is a difference between the muscle mass of PLHIV and people living without HIV. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, cross-sectional and case-control studies was carried out. PLHIV over 18 years of age and that had their muscle mass evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were included.

Ovariectomy Improves Metabolic and Oxidative Stress Marker Disruption in Androgenized Rats: Possible Approach to Postmenopausal Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

This study aims to evaluate metabolic and oxidative stress markers in a postmenopausal rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Wistar rats were divided in four groups: control ovariectomized (OVX;  = 9), control SHAM ( = 9), androgenized OVX ( = 10), and androgenized SHAM ( = 10). Female rats were androgenized during the neonatal period and compared with controls.

Trabecular Bone is Increased in a Rat Model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in an intricate disorder characterized by reproductive and metabolic abnormalities that may affect bone quality and strength along with the lifespan. The present study analysed the impact of postnatal androgenization (of a single dose of testosterone propionate 1.25 mg subcutaneously at day 5 of life) on bone development and markers of bone metabolism in adult female Wistar rats.

Sarcopenia and Its Association with Vertebral Fractures in People Living with HIV.

The prevalence of chronic diseases is increasing in people living with HIV (PLHIV) in the post ART era. Sarcopenia is prevalent in the elderly and is associated with many chronic diseases. Our study aimed to evaluate the frequency of sarcopenia in PLHIV and its association with bone mineral density and fracture.

Association between Urinary Levels of Interleukin-6, Interleukin-10 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha with Glomerular and Tubular Damage Indicators in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: This study investigated the association between urinary levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (uACR), and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: Urinary concentrations of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, ACR, and NGAL were measured in 121 patients with T2D.

Results: Urinary IL-6 and TNF-α increased 45.

Negative impact of polycystic ovary syndrome on bone health: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has reproductive and metabolic aspects that may affect bone health. Controversial results from different studies regarding the risk of fractures, bone mineral density (BMD) or bone markers led to uncertainty whether PCOS might improve or deteriorate bone health.

Objective And Rationale: This study aimed to investigate the impact of PCOS on bone markers, BMD and fracture risk.

Low frataxin mRNA expression is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: The mitochondrial protein frataxin is involved in iron metabolism, as well as regulation of oxidative stress. To elucidate the association of frataxin with the pathophysiology of diabetes, we evaluated the mRNA levels of frataxin in leukocytes of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In addition, we investigated the relation between frataxin mRNA levels, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress biomarkers.

Fruit and vegetable intake and bones: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Although intake of fruits and vegetables seemed to have a protective effect on bone metabolism, its effect on fractures remains uncertain.

Methods: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies (PROSPERO: CRD42016041462) was performed. RCTs and cohort studies that evaluated the combined intake of fruits and vegetables in men and women aged over 50 years were included.

High Serum Uric Acid Is Associated with Tubular Damage and Kidney Inflammation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: Uric acid presents different roles in an organism. High serum uric acid concentrations may induce inflammatory pathways and promote kidney damage through different mechanisms. Therefore, this study investigated the association among high serum uric acid concentrations, renal tubular damage, and renal inflammation assessed via estimation of urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and inflammatory cytokines in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

High serum uric acid is associated with oxidation of nucleosides in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Uric acid presents different roles in an organism, since it can act as an antioxidant or a pro-oxidant molecule. High serum uric acid levels may cause damage to several structures, including nucleic acids and its components. Therefore, in this study the association between increased serum uric acid concentrations and oxidation of nucleosides was investigated by assessment of urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and in healthy individuals.

The Hidden Burden of Fractures in People Living With HIV.

The survival of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has increased markedly since the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, other morbidities have emerged, including osteoporosis. The estimated incidence of fractures at any site in people living with HIV ranges from 0.

Factors related with osteoporosis treatment in postmenopausal women.

Although fractures had high mortality and morbidity, many studies proved that fracture risk might be decreased by pharmacological therapy, although a low treatment adherence rate is observed. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with osteoporosis treatment in postmenopausal women.A cross-sectional study was carried out from March to August 2013 at the primary care setting.