Sodium chloride or Plasmalyte-148 evaluation in severe diabetic ketoacidosis (SCOPE-DKA): a cluster, crossover, randomized, controlled trial.

Purpose: To determine whether treatment with Plasmalyte-148 (PL) compared to sodium chloride 0.9% (SC) results in faster resolution of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and whether the acetate in PL potentiates ketosis.

Methods: We conducted a cluster, crossover, open-label, randomized, controlled Phase 2 trial at seven hospitals in adults admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) with severe DKA with hospital randomised to PL or SC as fluid therapy.

Pelagic larval duration predicts extinction risk in a freshwater fish clade.

Pelagic larval duration (PLD) can influence evolutionary processes ranging from dispersal to extinction in aquatic organisms. Using estimates of PLD obtained from species of North American darters (Percidae: Etheostomatinae), we demonstrate that this freshwater fish clade exhibits surprising variation in PLD. Comparative analyses provide some evidence that higher stream gradients favour the evolution of shorter PLD.

Effects of topical emollient therapy on infants at or less than 27 weeks' gestation.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of topical emollient therapy on fluid intake, urine output, serum electrolytes, glucose, bilirubin and other outcome measures of neonates < or = 27 weeks' gestational age (GA) with birthweight (BW) <1,000 g.

Methods: We reviewed medical records of 18 infants treated with topical emollient Aquaphor, and 36 BW- and GA-matched control infants that were not treated with similar topical emollient.

Results: Characteristics of the study and control infants were similar: BW: 698 +/- 144 g vs.