Intravenous melatonin abuse leading to recurrent aortic valve endocarditis: a case report and discussion.

Background: Reports of inappropriate medication use are widespread. There is a growing literature detailing abuse of drugs not typically thought to have high abuse liability. Melatonin is considered to be generally safe and is categorized by the Food and Drug Administration as a nutritional supplement.

Providers' beliefs about expressing condolences to the family of a deceased patient: a qualitative and quantitative analysis.

Background: Most providers do not receive training in expressing condolences to bereaved families, and most health care institutions do not have policies in place encouraging expression of condolences. Physicians may fail to meet the expectations of bereaved families.

Objective: Our aim was to describe providers' beliefs and practices regarding expressing condolences to families of patients who have died.