Anatomic Description of the Naviculocuneiform Articulation.

The naviculocuneiform articulation is composed of the navicular proximally and the 3 cuneiforms distally. It is not uncommon to perform surgical interventions at this joint for multiple pathologic foot etiologies. To date, no detailed anatomic measurement is available for each cuneiform articulation on the navicular.

Supramalleolar Osteotomies: An Algorithm for the Deformed Ankle.

Supramalleolar osteotomies are powerful osteotomies that realign the tibiotalar and optimize hindfoot position in the presence of varus, valgus, procurvatum, recurvatum, as well as internal and external rotation of the tibia. Although used in the pediatric and hemophilic population earlier, supramalleolar osteotomy is a relatively new reconstructive surgical technique that was introduced in 1995. Conducted primarily in cancellous bone, supramalleolar osteotomies offer rapid, reliable bony consolidation compared with dome osteotomies and complex arthrodesis.

Evaluating Component Migration: Comparing Two Generations of the INBONE(®) Total Ankle Replacement.

Although total ankle replacement (TAR) designs have radically evolved, the compressive forces at the ankle can cause aseptic loosening, talar subsidence, and implant failure. The purpose of the present report was to compare the implant migration associated with the INBONE(®) I, a TAR system with a stemmed talar component, and the newer generation INBONE(®) II, a TAR system without a stemmed talar component (Wright Medical Technology, Inc., Arlington, TN).

An examination of anatomic variants and incidental peroneal tendon pathologic features: a comprehensive MRI review of asymptomatic lateral ankles.

Intraoperatively, foot and ankle surgeons will encounter peroneal pathologic features in patients with asymptomatic lateral ankles. The purpose of the present study was to review the ankle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of patients without a history of ankle trauma or lateral ankle pain to determine which anatomic variants correlate with peroneal tendon pathologic features and noted pathophysiology. A total of 500 MRI scans were screened, 108 (41.

Medial double arthrodesis with lateral column sparing and arthrodiastasis: a radiographic and medical record review.

Correction of valgus hindfoot deformity can be successfully achieved with arthrodesis of the subtalar and talonavicular joints through a single medial based incision. The advantages of medial double arthrodesis compared with the standard triple arthrodesis 2-incision approach include the absence of a lateral incision and a few degrees of residual mobility through the unfused calcaneocuboid joint (CCJ). The CCJ has often been noted to distract and decompress with the abduction correction achieved through medial double fusion.

Arthrodiastasis of the lateral column with medial fusion: a retrospective examination of medial double and Lapidus arthrodeses.

Arthrodiastasis of the calcaneocuboid joint after medial double arthrodesis has been described, but the extent remains unreported. We present our comparative findings after medial double and Lapidus fusion on the effects of the calcaneocuboid joint. Adults undergoing medial column fusion with internal fixation and a minimal clinical and radiographic follow-up period of 3 months were included.

Enhanced Lapidus arthrodesis: crossed screw technique with middle cuneiform fixation further reduces sagittal mobility.

Persistent medial column sagittal mobility can be encountered despite successful first tarsometatarsal stabilization if fixation has been limited to the first tarsometatarsal joint. The purpose of the present cadaveric research was to quantify the effect of a third point of fixation from the base of the first metatarsal to the middle cuneiform compared with the traditional isolated first tarsometatarsal fixation. Ten matched pairs of below-the-knee specimens, with a known cause of death, sex, ethnicity, and age, height, weight, and body mass index at death, were used for our examination.

Evaluating component migration after modular stem fixed-bearing total ankle replacement.

To date, no studies have evaluated implant migration after implantation of a modular stem fixed-bearing total ankle replacement. The purpose of the present report was to determine the inter-rater and intrarater reliability of our proposed measurement technique and to assess implant migration over time. Twenty consecutive patients (aged 59.

Role of Demineralized Allograft Subchondral Bone in the Treatment of Shoulder Lesions of the Talus: Clinical Results With Two-Year Follow-Up.

Cystic osteochondral lesions of the talus present a considerable challenge for foot and ankle surgeons. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a medial malleolar osteotomy and implantation of demineralized allograft subchondral bone on pain and function 2 years after surgery. For inclusion, patients demonstrated radiographic evidence of a medial cystic full-thickness osteochondral defect of the talus and previously failed microfracture (N = 12).

Comparing tendinous and ligamentous ankle pathology in atraumatic overweight and nonoverweight patients: a comprehensive MRI review.

Unlabelled: With the increased prevalence of obesity, there has been a parallel rise in musculoskeletal disorders. However, the effect of body mass index (BMI) on pathology of the hindfoot and ankle is scarcely understood. The purpose of the present report was to compare the number of tendinous and ligamentous pathologies within the hindfoot and ankle between overweight (BMI ≥ 25.

Examining the Relationship Between Pathologies of the Peroneal, Achilles, and Posterior Tibial Tendons: An MRI Review in an Asymptomatic Lateral Ankle Population.

Unlabelled: The hindfoot and ankle are dynamic structures to which the interplay of tendinous pathologies is scarcely understood. Five hundred consecutive ankle magnetic resonance imaging examinations, obtained between December 27, 2011 and April 9, 2013, were reviewed. Patients without a history of hindfoot or ankle trauma or lateral ankle pain were included.

Modular stem fixed-bearing total ankle replacement: prospective results of 23 consecutive cases with 3-year follow-up.

In the present report, the 3-year outcomes of 23 consecutive patients treated with a modular stem fixed-bearing total ankle replacement are described. Pain, functional impairment, and disability were assessed annually using a visual analog scale. Complications and additional procedures also were recorded.

Examining the relation of osteochondral lesions of the talus to ligamentous and lateral ankle tendinous pathologic features: a comprehensive MRI review in an asymptomatic lateral ankle population.

Given the frequency and burden of ankle sprains, the pathologic features identified on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans are widely known in the symptomatic population. Ankle MRI pathologic features in the asymptomatic population, however, are poorly understood. Such examinations are rarely undertaken unless an ankle has been injured or is painful.

The role of demineralized allograft subchondral bone in the treatment of talar cystic OCD lesions that have failed microfracture.

Unlabelled: Cystic talar shoulder defects are particularly challenging osteochondral lesions. A retrospective chart review was performed on 13 adults that previously failed microfracture, presented with medial cystic osteochondral lesions of the talus, and were treated with malleolar osteotomy and subchondral allograft reconstruction. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a medial malleolar osteotomy and allograft subchondral bone plug on pain and function.

Biologic augmentation of foot and ankle arthrodeses with an allogeneic cancellous sponge.

This case series was conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of using an allogeneic cancellous bone sponge for augmentation of foot and ankle arthrodeses. Twenty-five patients were prospectively enrolled in the study prior to undergoing fusion and were then followed for 12 months postoperatively. There were 45 joints: 7 ankles, 12 subtalars, 12 talonaviculars, 6 calcaneocuboids, 1 naviculocuneiform, 6 first tarsometatarsals, and 1 second tarsometatarsal.

Structures at risk with medial double hindfoot fusion: a cadaveric study.

Although discussed as an alternative to triple arthrodesis for hindfoot correction, the published data surrounding the medial double arthrodesis, or fusion of the subtalar and talonavicular joints, has not addressed the proximity of the anatomic structures at risk. A total of 10 cadaver specimens were used to examine the risk of damage to the neurovascular and tendinous structures of the posterior medial hindfoot when performing the medial double arthrodesis. The distance of the reviewed structures was measured in relation to the standardized point of the middle facet of the calcaneus (mean ± standard deviation and range).

A retrospective comparison of cost and efficiency of the medial double and dual incision triple arthrodeses.

While the medial double arthrodesis has gained significant popularity for hindfoot arthrodesis in recent years, much has been touted about the efficiency and cost savings of the procedure in comparison to its triple counterpart without any literature to reinforce this claim. The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare the hardware costs and operative time between the medial double and triple arthrodeses. A total of 276 patients (277 feet) were identified via CPT codes with 47 hindfoot cases (47 feet) meeting the inclusion criteria consisting of 21 medial double (6 males, 15 females) and 26 triple (8 males, 18 females) arthrodeses.

Utilization of silver hydrogel sheet dressing on postsurgical incisions: a pilot study in foot and ankle surgery.

Silver hydrogel dressings are antimicrobial, nonadherent, and have an absorptive capacity many times their weight. Fifty-nine (49.44 ± 16.

Ankle valgus after hindfoot arthrodesis: a radiographic and chart comparison of the medial double and triple arthrodeses.

The medial double arthrodesis, comprised of subtalar and talonavicular joint fusions, has become a popular way to correct hindfoot deformity. There is potential concern for an increase in ankle valgus postoperatively owing to extended medial dissection and possible disruption of the deltoid ligament. Although this approach is often used to correct a valgus hindfoot, little attention has been paid to date on this procedure's effect on the tibiotalar joint.

Pinning across the metatarsophalangeal joint for hammertoe correction: where are we aiming and what is the damage to the metatarsal articular surface?

Kirschner wire (K-wire) fixation across the metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) is commonly used in hammertoe repair surgery. The purpose of the present study was twofold: (1) to determine where the K-wire penetrates the metatarsal articular surface to achieve a rectus digit; and (2) to quantify the percentage of cartilage disruption to better understand the consequences of K-wire transfixation of the MTPJ. Arthrodesis was conducted on the second, third, and fourth proximal interphalangeal joints of 10 below-the-knee cadaver specimens, using a 1.

Hallux rigidus: what lies beyond fusion, resectional arthroplasty, and implants.

Hallux rigidus (HR) is the limitation of motion at the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint, most commonly secondary to degenerative arthritis. Surgical options for treating HR include 2 general categories: joint salvage and joint destruction. A hybrid of techniques from the 2 categories has emerged: cartilage resurfacing, interpositional arthroplasty, and arthrodiastasis.