The Importance of Training, Accreditation, and Guidelines for the Practice of Theranostics: The Australian Perspective.

In nuclear medicine, theranostics is a burgeoning development that is rapidly being implemented worldwide. There is an increasing need to provide a multidisciplinary framework to the practice of theranostics, ensuring that patients receive this treatment safely and are secure in the knowledge that their health-care practitioners are adequately trained. Nuclear medicine experts in Australia have taken the initiative of producing a set of theranostic guidelines relevant to Australian medical practice.

Prospective intra-individual blinded comparison of [F]PSMA-1007 and [ Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT imaging in patients with confirmed prostate cancer.

Introduction: [F]PSMA-1007 has potential advantages over [ Ga]Ga-PSMA-11, although limited prospective data evaluating diagnostic performance exist. The aims of this study are to describe the concordance of [FPSMA-1007 and [ Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 for TNM with the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) prognostic stage and assess differences in tracer uptake.

Methods: Fifty men (mean age 71.

Clinical insignificance of [F]PSMA-1007 avid non-specific bone lesions: a retrospective evaluation.

Purpose: [F]PSMA-1007 offers advantages of low urinary tracer excretion and theoretical improved spatial resolution for imaging prostate cancer. However, non-specific bone lesions (NSBLs), defined as mild to moderate focal bone uptake without a typical morphological correlate on CT, are a common finding on [F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of patients with [F]PSMA-1007 avid NSBLs, to determine whether patients with NSBLs represent a higher risk clinical cohort, and to determine whether SUVmax can be used as a classifier of bone metastasis.

Hyperthermophilic Carbamate Kinase Stability and Anabolic Activity at Alkaline pH.

Carbamate kinases catalyze the conversion of carbamate to carbamoyl phosphate, which is readily transformed into other compounds. Carbamate forms spontaneously from ammonia and carbon dioxide in aqueous solutions, so the kinases have potential for sequestrative utilization of the latter compounds. Here, we compare seven carbamate kinases from mesophilic, thermophilic, and hyperthermophilic sources.

A ratiometric fluorescent probe for assessing mitochondrial phospholipid peroxidation within living cells.

Mitochondrial oxidative damage contributes to a wide range of pathologies, and lipid peroxidation of the mitochondrial inner membrane is a major component of this disruption. However, despite its importance, there are no methods to assess mitochondrial lipid peroxidation within cells specifically. To address this unmet need we have developed a ratiometric, fluorescent, mitochondria-targeted lipid peroxidation probe, MitoPerOx.

A seedless approach to continuous flow synthesis of gold nanorods.

A direct seedless method for the continuous synthesis of gold nanorods has been developed using a sequential rotating tube-narrow channel processing microfluidic configuration, with the stock feed solutions (HAuCl(4)/CTAB/acetylacetone and AgNO(3)/CTAB/carbonate buffer) being stable for weeks.

Advances towards synthetic machines at the molecular and nanoscale level.

The fabrication of increasingly smaller machines to the nanometer scale can be achieved by either a "top-down" or "bottom-up" approach. While the former is reaching its limits of resolution, the latter is showing promise for the assembly of molecular components, in a comparable approach to natural systems, to produce functioning ensembles in a controlled and predetermined manner. In this review we focus on recent progress in molecular systems that act as molecular machine prototypes such as switches, motors, vehicles and logic operators.

Porphyrinic molecular devices: towards nanoscaled processes.

The structural, coordinative, photochemical and electrochemical properties of the porphyrin macrocycle that make them the functional element of choice in ubiquitous biological systems, e.g., chlorophyll, cytochrome P450 and hemoglobin, also contribute to making porphyrins and metalloporphyrins desirable in a "bottom-up" approach to the construction of nanosized devices.

Progress in charge transfer systems utilizing porphyrin donors and simple aromatic diimide acceptor units.

An overview of the evolution of artificial photosynthetic charge transfer systems containing porphyrin donors and pyromellitic or naphthalene diimide acceptor units is presented. Progression in this area of research is highlighted by the complexity of the systems, the nature of the medium separating donor and acceptor as well as the progression in the lifetime of the charge-separated state upon photoexcitation. A number of supramolecular systems that utilize hydrogen bonding or axial ligation of zinc porphyrins as a means for spatial orientation are highlighted.

Construction of multiporphyrin arrays via selective cross-metathesis.

Selective cross-metathesis of type I and type II meso-functionalized porphyrin olefins afforded alkenyl-coupled dimeric and trimeric porphyrin systems in good yield with excellent E/Z selectivity. The synthetic utility of the method is demonstrated through the preparation of mixed metalated (M = 2H, Zn) porphyrin dimer and trimer. [reaction: see text]

Organogels derived from tetranitrated crown ethers.

[reaction: see text] The 3,3',4'4'-tetranitrodibenzocrown ethers TNDB24C8 and TNDB30C10 form organogels with chloroalkanes at 3% w/v. Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy have been used to characterize the superstructure of the gels. Gels prepared using TNDB30C10 and CHCl(3) are more fibrous and are ordered into elongated domains attributable to exposed parts of intermingled fibers.

Porphyrin-containing molecular capsules: metal mediated dimerization of a bis-porphyrin cavity.

[reaction] A self-complementary V-shaped bis-porphyrin cavity has been synthesized that is capable of dimerization to form a capsule structure. Self-assembly of the dimer occurs via metal ion coordination and produces an internal volume for guest encapsulation.