Identification of profiles and determinants of maternal pregnancy urinary biomarkers of phthalates and replacements in the Illinois Kids Development Study.

Background/objectives: Pregnant women are exposed to multiple phthalates and their replacements, which are endocrine disrupting chemicals associated with adverse maternal and child health outcomes. Identifying maternal characteristics associated with phthalate/replacement exposure during pregnancy is important.

Methods: We evaluated 13 maternal sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, enrollment year, and conception season as determinants of exposure biomarkers of phthalates and their replacements in 482 pregnant women from the Illinois Kids Development Study (I-KIDS, enrolled 2013-2018).

Associations of Pregnancy History with BMI and Weight Gain in 45-54-Year-Old Women.

Background: Midlife women have a higher risk of cardiometabolic disease than younger women, but the lifelong biological/lifestyle factors responsible for this increase are unclear.

Objectives: We investigated whether pregnancy history is a risk factor for midlife overweight/obesity and evaluated potential hormonal mechanisms.

Methods: The Baltimore Midlife Women's Health Study, a prospective cohort, recruited 772 women aged 45-54 y.