cfDNA Chimerism and Somatic Mutation Testing in Early Prediction of Relapse After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation for Myeloid Malignancies.

: Disease relapse is a primary cause of treatment failure after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of malignancy. Consolidation therapy early after transplantation may reduce this risk, but it is difficult to administer in the setting of various post-transplant complications. We proposed that testing donor cell chimerism and for persistent minimal residual disease (MRD) with next-generation sequencing (NGS) of plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) early after transplantation would identify those patients at higher risk of relapse who would possibly benefit from consolidation therapy.