Behavioral Approaches to Training Developmentally Disabled Children for an Overnight EEG Procedure.

Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) is a genetic syndrome associated with multiple congenital malformations, mental retardation, and autism spectrum behaviors. This clinical protocol was part of a larger study investigating the effects of a cholesterol-lowering medication for SLOS patients. Behavioral therapists were consulted to facilitate participants' cooperation with an overnight electroencephalogram (EEG).

A randomized controlled trial of vapocoolant for pediatric immunization distress relief.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of vapocoolant for preschoolers' immunization injection pain relief.

Methods: Fifty-seven 4 to 6-year-old children were randomized into vapocoolant alone or typical care conditions. Pain was measured at the baseline and at injection via self-report, caregiver report, nurse report, and by an observational scale.

Comparison of Two Brief Parent-Training Interventions for Child Distress During Parent-Administered Needle Procedures.

This randomized clinical trial employed a 2-group (general child behavior management training vs. distraction for pain management training) design across repeated parent-administered needle procedures. Forty-seven children with a chronic illness requiring recurrent injections were observed at baseline and 2 intervention sessions.

Childhood healthcare experience, healthcare attitudes, and optimism as predictors of adolescents' healthcare behavior.

Late adolescence and early adulthood is a time when people establish many of their life-style behaviors. Thus, in order to promote optimal health, it is important to identify factors predictive of young adults' healthcare behavior. This study evaluated the relationship between measures of childhood healthcare experience, healthcare attitudes, and optimism with young adults' healthcare behavior in a sample of college students (n = 100).

Randomized clinical trial of distraction for infant immunization pain.

Distraction has been shown to be an effective technique for managing pain in children; however, few investigations have examined the utility of this technique with infants. The goal of the current study was to investigate the effectiveness of movie distraction in reducing infants' immunization distress. Participants were 136 infants (range=1-21 months; M=7.