Capnocytophaga ochracea causing severe sepsis and purpura fulminans in an immunocompetent patient.

Capnocytophaga ochracea (C. ochracea), a known human microflora, has been reported to cause sepsis in immunocompromised patients and less severe infections such as intrauterine infections, endocarditis, peritonitis and septic arthritis in the immunocompetent patient. We present the first described case of C.

HIV protease mutations associated with amprenavir resistance during salvage therapy: importance of I54M.

Objective: To examine the clinical significance of HIV protease mutations detected before and after therapy with amprenavir.

Study Design: Serial plasma HIV loads and protease gene mutations were monitored in 31 patients who received amprenavir, including 19 who had been exposed to other protease inhibitors (salvage therapy). Recombinant phenotyping was used to assess the significance of new mutations appearing after amprenavir therapy.

Fatal lactic acidosis and acute renal failure after addition of tenofovir to an antiretroviral regimen containing didanosine.

We describe a 49-year-old man with human immunodeficiency virus infection and stable chronic renal insufficiency who developed acute oliguric renal failure and severe lactic acidosis and who died several weeks after tenofovir was added to an antiretroviral regimen that included didanosine. Although the role of tenofovir in precipitating acute renal failure is unclear, progressive accumulation of the drug and pharmacologic interaction that caused increased levels of didanosine were the likely antecedents of increased mitochondrial toxicity that led to lactic acidosis.

Analysis of sequence configurations of the ISDR, PKR-binding domain, and V3 region as predictors of response to induction interferon-alpha and ribavirin therapy in chronic hepatitis C infection.

Interferon (IFN) and ribavirin combination therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection yields a sustained response rate of only approximately 40%. Previous studies have linked IFN responsiveness to viral sequence variation in parts of the E2 and NS5A genes, but this remains controversial. We studied pretreatment sera from 28 subjects (23 with HCV genotype 1a) who received high-dose IFN induction followed by IFN-ribavirin combination therapy.