Findings from an expert focus group on psychotropic medication deprescribing practices for children and youth with complex needs.

Introduction: Psychotropic medication can be effective at stabilizing emotional and behavioural disturbances associated with physiological processes in children and youth. When medication benefits, indication or adverse effects are queried, deprescribing should be considered. Current guidelines for deprescribing are mainly for adults/elderly and largely theoretical, not practical, especially for polypharmacy.

A case-control study comparing rates and diagnoses of hospital readmission in infants affected by neonatal abstinence syndrome.

Objective: Rates of neonatal abstinence syndrome/neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NAS/NOWS), a withdrawal syndrome from opioids and other substances resulting from intrauterine exposure, have been increasing exponentially in the U.S. To improve health outcomes, it is important to understand population health risks, including rehospitalization and related diagnoses, using current data.

Caregiver and Clinician Experience With Virtual Services for Children and Youth With Complex Needs During COVID-19.

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, support services for children and youth quickly shifted to virtual means. To continue delivering essential, trauma-informed, specialized services, the center transitioned to providing most services by phone/video conference.

Method: A quality improvement project using survey methods was conducted to determine if virtual delivery was timely and satisfactory for inpatient and outpatient care.

Validation of a Clinical Decision Rule to Predict Abuse in Young Children Based on Bruising Characteristics.

Importance: Bruising caused by physical abuse is the most common antecedent injury to be overlooked or misdiagnosed as nonabusive before an abuse-related fatality or near-fatality in a young child. Bruising occurs from both nonabuse and abuse, but differences identified by a clinical decision rule may allow improved and earlier recognition of the abused child.

Objective: To refine and validate a previously derived bruising clinical decision rule (BCDR), the TEN-4 (bruising to torso, ear, or neck or any bruising on an infant <4.

Characteristics of rib fractures in young abused children.

Background: The presumed mechanism of rib fractures in abuse is violent grasping of the torso causing anterior-posterior chest compression. We hypothesized an asymmetrical distribution of rib fractures in abused infants given the greater incidence of right-hand dominance within the general population.

Objective: The objective of this study was to characterize rib fractures in abused children, particularly sidedness; additionally, we evaluated the sidedness of other abusive skeletal fractures.

Retraction Note to: Radiographic characteristics that delineate abusive from accidental skull fractures, including the significance of fracture extension to sutures.

The authors have retracted the abstract #029 "Radiographic characteristics that delineate abusive from accidental skull fractures, including the significance of fracture extension to sutures".

Who's Watching the Children? Caregiver Features Associated with Physical Child Abuse versus Accidental Injury.

Objective: To compare caregiver features and caregiving arrangements of children with physical abuse vs accidental injuries.

Study Design: Data came from a prospective, observational, multicenter study investigating bruising and psychosocial characteristics of children younger than 4 years of age. Using logistic regression, we examined how abuse vs accidental injury and severity of injury were associated with caregiver sex, relation to the child, whether caregiving arrangements were different than usual at the time of injury, and length of the main caregiver's relationship with his/her partner.

(Unpacking) father involvement in the context of childhood neurodisability research: a scoping review.

Background: In the past thirty years, theoretical and empirical scholarship on father involvement has emerged and firmly established itself. Efforts to define, measure, and explore outcomes related to father involvement in the context of childhood neurodisability are evident but less well established. The purpose of this study was to systematically map empirical studies on father involvement in the context of childhood neurodisability in order to delineate the current state of research and to highlight profitable directions for future research.

Child and parent engagement in the mental health intervention process: a motivational framework.

Background: This article proposes a conceptual model of child and parent engagement in the mental health intervention process.

Method: A scoping review was performed of articles on predictors of engagement in mental health interventions, the effectiveness of engagement interventions, and interpersonal aspects of care. A comprehensive search of PsycINFO and PsycARTICLES was performed for literature published in English from 2000 to 2012.

Evaluation of an innovative tool for child sexual abuse education.

Child sexual abuse poses a serious threat to public health and is often unreported, unrecognized, and untreated. Prevention, early recognition, and treatment are critically important to reduce long-term effects. Little data are available on effective methods of preventing child sexual abuse.

Features and impacts of five multidisciplinary community-university research partnerships.

Despite the increasing number of multidisciplinary community-university research partnerships designed to address real-world issues, little is known about their nature. This article describes the features and impacts of five research partnerships addressing health or social service issues, which constituted a convenience sample from the province of Ontario, Canada. The article describes their characteristics, ways of operating, outputs, types of requests received from community members and mid-term impacts.

A measure of community members' perceptions of the impacts of research partnerships in health and social services.

Currently, there are no psychometrically sound outcome measures by which to assess the impacts of research partnerships. This article describes the development of a 33-item, survey questionnaire measuring community members' perceptions of the impact of research partnerships addressing health or social issues. The Community Impacts of Research Oriented Partnerships (CIROP) was developed using information from the literatures on health promotion, community development, research utilization, and community-based participatory research, and from focus groups involving 29 key informants.

Retinal hemorrhages in children following fatal motor vehicle crashes: a case series.

Objective: To demonstrate the severity of ocular findings in young children who died of injuries due to motor vehicle crashes.

Methods: Case series of 10 children younger than 3 years who were fatally injured in motor vehicle crashes between January 1, 1994, and December 31, 2002. All children underwent autopsy that included eye examination.

The development of expertise in paediatric rehabilitation therapists: the roles of motivation, openness to experience, and types of caseload experience.

Background/aim: A transdisciplinary approach was taken to study the nature of variables associated with the development of expertise in 71 paediatric rehabilitation therapists (i.e. physical, occupational, speech, behavioural, and recreational therapists).

A framework of operating models for interdisciplinary research programs in clinical service organizations.

A framework of operating models for interdisciplinary research programs in clinical service organizations is presented, consisting of a "clinician-researcher" skill development model, a program evaluation model, a researcher-led knowledge generation model, and a knowledge conduit model. Together, these models comprise a tailored, collaborative approach to enhancing research-informed practice in community-based clinical service organizations. The models place different degrees of emphasis on the development of research-related skills in practitioners, the generation of knowledge tailored to clinical practice, and knowledge sharing.

The development of expertise in pediatric rehabilitation therapists: changes in approach, self-knowledge, and use of enabling and customizing strategies.

Purpose: To examine the clinical decision making of novice, intermediate, and expert pediatric rehabilitation therapists from various disciplines.

Methods: Two qualitative studies were conducted. Thirteen therapists took part in a study using the critical incident interview technique and 11 therapists took part in a study using the 'think aloud' technique.

Antibiotic resistance patterns in children hospitalized for urinary tract infections.

Background: Children admitted to the hospital with urinary tract infections (UTIs) receive empirical antibiotic therapy. There is limited information on bacterial resistance to commonly prescribed intravenous antibiotics or on the risk factors for increased resistance in these patients.

Objectives: To determine the antibiotic resistance pattern in children admitted to the hospital with UTIs, and to determine if history of UTI, antibiotic prophylaxis, or vesicoureteral reflux increases the risk of resistant organisms.

The pediatrician's role in recognizing and intervening in postpartum depression.

Increasing evidence of postpartum depression is encouraging pediatricians to include screening and intervention for postpartum depression in standard newborn and infant care. Pediatricians have the most frequent exposure to mothers and infants in the most high-risk time period and they have a vested interest in the well-being of the child and mother. Because the time required to achieve basic screening and referral services is minimal, there is enough evidence that postpartum screening and intervention are crucial components of comprehensive newborn and infant care.

Follow-up urine cultures and fever in children with urinary tract infection.

Background: The American Academy of Pediatrics practice parameter for urinary tract infection suggests a repeat urine culture if the expected clinical response is not achieved within the first 48 hours of therapy. The utility of repeat urine cultures and clinical significance of fever at 48 hours is unclear.

Objectives: To determine the frequency of positive repeat urine cultures in children admitted to the hospital with urinary tract infection, and to describe the fever curves of children admitted to the hospital with urinary tract infection.