Selection of the Most Suitable Culture Medium for Patient-Derived Lung Cancer Organoids.

Introduction: Patient-derived organoids have emerged as a promising in vitro model for precision medicine, particularly in cancer, but also in noncancer-related diseases. However, the optimal culture medium for culturing patient-derived lung organoids has not yet been agreed upon. This study aimed to shed light on the optimal selection of a culture media for developing studies using patient-derived lung organoids.

Discovering genes and microRNAs involved in human lung development unveils IGFBP3/miR-34a dynamics and their relevance for alveolar differentiation.

Background: During pseudoglandular stage of the human lung development the primitive bronchial buds are initially conformed by simple tubules lined by endoderm-derived epithelium surrounded by mesenchyme, which will progressively branch into airways and start to form distal epithelial saculles. For first time alveolar type II (AT2) pneumocytes appears. This study aims to characterize the genes and microRNAs involved in this differentiation process and decipher its role in the starting alveolar differentiation.

Characterization of the MicroRNA Cargo of Extracellular Vesicles Isolated from a Pulmonary Tumor-Draining Vein Identifies miR-203a-3p as a Relapse Biomarker for Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

In resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), post-surgical recurrence occurs in around 40% of patients, highlighting the necessity to identify relapse biomarkers. An analysis of the extracellular vesicle (EV) cargo from a pulmonary tumor-draining vein (TDV) can grant biomarker identification. We studied the pulmonary TDV EV-miRNAome to identify relapse biomarkers in a two-phase study (screening and validation).

Human embryonic mesenchymal lung-conditioned medium promotes differentiation to myofibroblast and loss of stemness phenotype in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines.

Background: When genes responsible for normal embryonic development are abnormally expressed in adults, it can lead to tumor development. This can suggest that the same mechanism that controls embryonic differentiation can also control tumor differentiation. We hypothesize that the malignant phenotype of lung cancer cells could acquire benign characteristics when in contact with an embryonic lung microenvironment.

Monitoring HOTTIP levels on extracellular vesicles for predicting recurrence in surgical non-small cell lung cancer patients.

In resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), postsurgical recurrence is the major factor affecting long-term survival. The identification of biomarkers in extracellular vesicles (EV) obtained from serial blood samples after surgery could enhance early detection of relapse and improve NSCLC outcome. Since EV cargo contains long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), we aimed to analyze whether the oncogenic lncRNA HOTTIP, which higher expression in tumor tissue was related to worse outcome in NSCLC, could be detected in EV from NSCLC patients and serve as recurrence biomarker.

Lincp21-RNA as Predictive Response Marker for Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy in Rectal Cancer.

Preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is a standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (RC) patients, but its use in non-responders can be associated with increased toxicities and resection delay. LincRNA-p21 is a long non-coding RNA involved in the p53 pathway and angiogenesis regulation. We aimed to study whether lincRNA-p21 expression levels can act as a predictive biomarker for neoadjuvant CRT response.