Publications by authors named "Melissa A Campaniello"
Article Synopsis
- Intestinal fibrosis is a complication of inflammatory bowel disease that's hard to detect, and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) could serve as targets for detection.
- Researchers used immunoPET imaging with engineered antibody fragments targeting MMPs to study colitis-induced fibrosis in mice, comparing inflamed, fibrotic, and control groups.
- The study found that while MMP levels were high in inflamed mice, only pro-MMP-9 levels remained elevated in fibrotic mice, indicating that the imaging technique is effective in detecting intestinal and associated kidney fibrosis.
Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has a remitting and relapsing disease course; however, relatively little is understood regarding how inflammatory damage in acute colitis influences the microbiota, epithelial barrier, and immune function in subsequent colitis.
Methods: Mice were administered trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS) via enema, and inflammation was assessed 2 days (d2) or 28 days (d28) later. Colitis was reactivated in some mice by re-treating at 28 days with TNBS and assessing 2 days later (d30).
Importance: High-intensity, aerobically prepared fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has demonstrated efficacy in treating active ulcerative colitis (UC). FMT protocols involving anaerobic stool processing methods may enhance microbial viability and allow efficacy with a lower treatment intensity.
Objective: To assess the efficacy of a short duration of FMT therapy to induce remission in UC using anaerobically prepared stool.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing and remitting inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. The diagnosis and monitoring of IBD are reliant on endoscopy, which is invasive and does not provide information on specific mediators. Symptom flare in IBD is associated with increased activation of innate immune pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is characterized by overt inflammation of the intestine and is typically accompanied by symptoms of bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain and cramping. The Colonic Migrating Motor Complex (CMMC) directs the movement of colonic luminal contents over long distances. The tri-nitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS) model of colitis causes inflammatory damage to enteric nerves, however it remains to be determined whether these changes translate to functional outcomes in CMMC activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Little is understood regarding how disease progression alters immune and sensory nerve function in colitis. We investigated how acute colitis chronically alters immune recruitment and the impact this has on re-activated colitis. To understand the impact of disease progress on sensory systems we investigated the mechanisms underlying altered colonic neuro-immune interactions after acute colitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aims: Previous studies have shown that antidepressants reduce inflammation in animal models of colitis. The present trial aimed to examine whether fluoxetine added to standard therapy for Crohn's disease [CD] maintained remission, improved quality of life [QoL] and/or mental health in people with CD as compared to placebo.
Methods: A parallel randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial was conducted.