Emergency management and asthma risk in young Medicaid-enrolled children with recurrent wheeze.

Objectives: To describe clinical characteristics of young children presenting to the emergency department (ED) for early recurrent wheeze, and determine factors associated with subsequent persistent wheeze and risk for early childhood asthma.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of Medicaid-enrolled children 0-3 years old with an index ED visit for wheeze (e.g.

Impact of a discharge prescription for dexamethasone on outcomes of children treated in the emergency department for acute asthma exacerbations.

Objective: To evaluate dexamethasone prescribing practices, patient adherence, and outcomes by dosing regimen in children with acute asthma discharged from the emergency department (ED).

Study Design: Prospective study of children 2-18 years treated with dexamethasone for acute asthma prior to discharge from an urban, tertiary care ED between 2018 and 2022. Demographics, clinical characteristics, ED treatment, and discharge prescriptions were collected via chart review.

Bacteremia in Pediatric Liver Transplant Recipients.

Background: We aimed to determine the frequency of bacteremia, septic shock and bacterial meningitis in pediatric liver transplant recipients (pLTRs) in the outpatient setting and to identify clinical factors associated with bacteremia.

Methods: Multicenter retrospective study of pLTRs evaluated in the emergency department or outpatient clinic between 2010 and 2018 for suspected infection, defined as fever ≥38 °C or a blood culture obtained. We excluded patients with nontransplant immunodeficiency, multiorgan transplants or intestinal failure.

Frequency of Bacteremia and Urinary Tract Infection in Pediatric Renal Transplant Recipients.

Background: Our primary goal was to determine the frequency of bacteremia and urinary tract infections (UTI) in pediatric renal transplant recipients presenting with suspected infection within 2 years of transplant and to identify clinical and laboratory factors associated with bacteremia.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study for all pediatric ( < 18 years old) renal transplant recipients seen at 3 large children's hospitals from 2011 to 2018 for suspected infection within 2 years of transplant date, defined as pyrexia ( > 38°C) or a blood culture being ordered. Patients with primary immunodeficiencies, nontransplant immunosuppression, intestinal failure, and patients who had moved out of the local area were excluded.

Anaphylaxis in Children.

Anaphylaxis is a potentially life-threatening event in children, commonly encountered in the prehospital and emergency department settings. Recently published clinical guidelines emphasize early recognition of anaphylaxis and administration of epinephrine as the mainstay of management. Literature regarding adjuvant therapies, biphasic reactions, observation times, and disposition of patients with anaphylaxis remains controversial.