Background: Granulomatous mycosis fungoides (GMF) is a rare form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma characterized by a granulomatous inflammatory infiltrate.
Objective: The impact of granulomatous inflammation on the prognosis of the disease remains controversial as there have been both favorable and unfavorable outcomes documented.
Methods: We performed a systematic review of 116 GMF cases previously described in the literature.
Numerous inflammatory, neoplastic, and genetic skin disorders are associated with interstitial lung disease (ILD), the fibrosing inflammation of lung parenchyma that has significant morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the dermatologist plays a major role in the early detection and appropriate referral of patients at risk for ILD. Part 1 of this 2-part CME outlines the pathophysiology of ILD and focuses on clinical screening and therapeutic principles applicable to dermatological patients who are at risk for ILD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Teledermatology utilizes photoimaging and background information to allow dermatologists to remotely provide a diagnosis to practitioners. ConsultDerm is an asynchronous, web-based teledermatology software that allows practitioners to submit their electronic referrals for assessment by board-certified dermatologists.
Objective: Our study aimed to retrospectively analyze teledermatology's utilization in Canada by using the teledermatology platform ConsultDerm.
Retinoids are defined as molecules that bind to and activate retinoic acid receptors to influence the proliferation and differentiation of cells. Topical retinoids have evolved over the past several decades, being used in multiple dermatological conditions. This review aims to differentiate between synthetic and natural retinoids, discuss the pharmacology behind topical retinoids, highlight clinical applications, and categorize all the commercially available agents, including combination products.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMycosis fungoides (MF) is the most prevalent type of skin lymphoma. In its early stages, it has a favorable prognosis. However, in its late stages, it is associated with an increased risk of mortality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: We have previously reported that the upregulation of galectin-9 (Gal-9) on CD4 and CD8 T cells in HIV patients was associated with impaired T cell effector functions. Gal-9 is a ligand for T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3, and its expression on T cells in cancer has not been investigated. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the expression level and effects of Gal-9 on T cell functions in patients with virus-associated solid tumors (VASTs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNK cell functions are tightly regulated by the balance between the inhibitory and stimulatory surface receptors. We investigated the surface expression of galectin-9 (Gal-9) and its function in NK cells from HIV-infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy, long-term nonprogressors, and progressors compared with healthy controls. We also measured the expression of TIGIT and TIM-3 on different NK cell subpopulations and compared their functionality to Gal-9 NK cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFT cell activation is a fascinating, yet tightly regulated cascade of events that lead to the induction of cytokine and expression of activation molecules that eventually result in divergent immune responses. Analyzing the qualitative and quantitative nature of T cell activation in different immunological conditions provides valuable information about the immune responses mediated by different agents or vaccinations. We evaluated the kinetics of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell activation markers such as CD25, CD38, CD69, CD71 and Ki67 following anti-CD3/CD28 stimulation over a time course.
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