Optimization of Enterotoxigenic (ETEC) Outer Membrane Vesicles Production and Isolation Method for Vaccination Purposes.

The study addresses Enterotoxigenic (ETEC), a significant concern in low-income countries. Despite its prevalence, there is no licensed vaccine against ETEC. Bacterial vesicle-based vaccines are promising due to their safety and diverse virulence factors.

Unveiling a New Selenocyanate as a Multitarget Candidate with Anticancer, Antileishmanial and Antibacterial Potential.

Currently, cancer, leishmaniasis and bacterial infections represent a serious public health burden worldwide. Six cinnamyl and benzodioxyl derivatives incorporating selenium (Se) as selenocyanate, diselenide, or selenide were designed and synthesized through a nucleophilic substitution and/or a reduction using hydrides. Ferrocene was also incorporated by a Friedel-Crafts acylation.

Immune Response after Skin Delivery of a Recombinant Heat-Labile Enterotoxin B Subunit of Enterotoxigenic in Mice.

Enterotoxigenic (ETEC) infections have been identified as a major cause of acute diarrhoea in children in developing countries, associated with substantial morbidity and mortality rates. Additionally, ETEC remains the most common cause of acute diarrhea of international travellers to endemic areas. The heat-labile toxin (LT) is a major virulence factor of ETEC, with a significant correlation between the presence of antibodies against LT and protection in infected patients.

Oral Immunogenicity of Enterotoxigenic Outer Membrane Vesicles Encapsulated into Zein Nanoparticles Coated with a Gantrez AN-Mannosamine Polymer Conjugate.

Enterotoxigenic (ETEC) represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the human population. In particular, ETEC infections affect children under the age of five from low-middle income countries. However, there is no licensed vaccine against this pathogen.

Development of a Bacterial Nanoparticle Vaccine Against Escherichia coli.

Currently, different subunit-based vaccine strategies against enterobacteria are being investigated. Among those, bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMV) are promising candidates because of their immunogenic properties and safety. In order to develop an effective vaccine against this kind of pathogens, it is important to induce both systemic and mucosal immunity.

Vaccine Based on Outer Membrane Vesicles Using Hydrogels as Vaccine Delivery System.

A simple procedure for obtaining outer membrane vesicles from Salmonella enterica and the use of hydrogels as vaccine delivery system is described. A heat treatment in saline solution of whole bacteria rendered the release of outer membrane vesicles containing relevant antigenic components. The immunogenicity of these antigens when administered by the intranasal route may be improved after embedment into hydrogels to increase residence half-time and thus activate the mucosal immune system.

Understanding the basis of transcutaneous vaccine delivery.

Under many circumstances, prophylactic immunizations are considered as the only possible strategy to control infectious diseases. Considerable efforts are typically invested in immunogen selection but, erroneously, the route of administration is not usually a major concern despite the fact that it can strongly influence efficacy. The skin is now considered a key component of the lymphatic system with tremendous potential as a target for vaccination.

Prevalence of Integrons and Insertion Sequences in ESBL-Producing Isolated from Different Sources in Navarra, Spain.

Mobile genetic elements play an important role in the dissemination of antibiotic resistant bacteria among human and environmental sources. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the occurrence and patterns of integrons and insertion sequences of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolated from different sources in Navarra, northern Spain. A total of 150 isolates coming from food products, farms and feeds, aquatic environments, and humans (healthy people and hospital inpatients), were analyzed.

Maternal Vaccination. Immunization of Sows during Pregnancy against ETEC Infections.

The immunology of pregnancy is an evolving consequence of multiple reciprocal interactions between the maternal and the fetal-placental systems. The immune response must warrant the pregnancy outcome (including tolerance to paternal antigens), but at the same time, efficiently respond to pathogenic challenges. Enterotoxigenic (ETEC) strains are a major cause of illness and death in neonatal and recently weaned pigs.