Ecological diversification in sexual and asexual lineages.

The presence or absence of sex can have a strong influence on the processes whereby species arise. Yet, the mechanistic underpinnings of this influence are poorly understood. To gain insights into the mechanisms whereby the reproductive mode may influence ecological diversification, we investigate how natural selection, genetic mixing, and the reproductive mode interact and how this interaction affects the evolutionary dynamics of diversifying lineages.

On the structure of species-function participation in multilayer ecological networks.

Understanding how biotic interactions shape ecosystems and impact their functioning, resilience and biodiversity has been a sustained research priority in ecology. Yet, traditional assessments of ecological complexity typically focus on species-species interactions that mediate a particular function (e.g.

Impairment of Listeria monocytogenes biofilm developed on industrial surfaces by Latilactobacillus curvatus CRL1579 bacteriocin.

The effect of lactocin AL705, bacteriocin produced by Latilactobacillus (Lat.) curvatus CRL1579 against Listeria biofilms on stainless steel (SS) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coupons at 10 °C was investigated. L.

Bioprotective cultures and bacteriocins as food preservatives.

Food preservation technologies face the challenge of extending product shelf life applying different factors to prevent the microbiological spoilage of food and inhibit/inactivate food borne pathogens maintaining or even enhancing its quality. One such preservation strategy is the application of bacteriocins or bacteriocin-producer cultures as a kind of food biopreservation. Bacteriocins are ribosomally synthesized small polypeptide molecules that exert antagonistic activity against closely related and unrelated bacteria without harming the producing strain by specific immunity proteins.

Effects of concurrent canine Cushing's syndrome and diabetes Mellitus on insulin requirements, trilostane dose, and survival time.

Trilostane and insulin requirements and survival time of dogs with concurrent naturally-occurring Cushing's syndrome (CS) and diabetes mellitus (DM) has not been fully investigated. This retrospective study evaluated trilostane and insulin doses in dogs with concurrent CS and DM compared to dogs with only CS or DM. Additionally, a survival analysis was performed using a Kaplan-Meier survival curve.

Geniculate Artery Endovascular Embolization Post-Total Knee Arthroplasty for Hemarthrosis Treatment: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Purpose: To provide an updated systematic review on the use of geniculate artery embolization (GAE) in the management of recurrent hemarthrosis post-total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Materials And Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted, and all clinical reports in the English language from inception to July 2022 were identified. References were manually reviewed to identify additional studies.

Endovascular Repair of Popliteal Artery Injury Post-total Knee Arthroplasty is Safe and Effective: A Case Report and Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background: Popliteal artery pseudoaneurysms are a rare but serious complication following total knee arthroplasty that have been traditionally managed with open surgical repair. Endovascular stenting, while relatively new, offers a promising alternative that is less invasive and may reduce the risk of perioperative complications.

Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted, and all clinical reports in the English language from inception to July 2022 were identified.

A unique case of acute bilateral internal iliac deep vein thrombosis leading to right iliofemoral venous outflow obstruction.

Venous thromboembolism has been associated with high morbidity and mortality, with a cost burden for the U.S. health care system owing to secondary complications such as pulmonary embolism and post-thrombotic syndrome.

Idiopathic Spontaneous Occurrence of Heterotrophic Occurrence During Pregnancy.

Heterotopic ossification (HO) typically presents in the hip, knee, and elbow joints in the setting of trauma or postsurgical intervention. Less commonly, it may occur secondary to neurologic dysfunction or underlying genetic conditions, but idiopathic HO is rare. Most cases of HO are managed nonoperatively with surgical resection remaining a controversy due to high recurrence rates.

Short-term evaluation of renal markers in overweight adult cats.

Background: Obesity has been proposed as an independently risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in people, but its role in feline kidney function is unknown.

Objective: Obesity has been proposed as an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in people, but its role in feline kidney function is unknown. This study prospectively evaluated the effect of overweight on the concentration of symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) and creatinine in a cohort of healthy cats.

Intravascular Ultrasound in Treating Iliac Vein Compression With Endovascular Stenting: A Necessary Tool for Optimal Outcomes.

Symptomatic compression of the left common iliac vein between the right common iliac artery and spinal vertebrae is referred to as May-Thurner Syndrome (MTS). Atypical cases of MTS including compression of the left external iliac vein, right iliac vein or the inferior vena cava can also coexist and cause double vein compression. Current literature suggests that endovascular treatment including thrombolysis, thrombectomy, venoplasty and stent placement to correct the mechanical obstruction together with anticoagulation therapy is safe and a reasonable management for patients with MTS.

Racial/Ethnic Differences in Non-Discretionary Risk Factors for COVID-19 Among Patients in an Early COVID-19 Hotspot.

Background: Baseline disparities in non-discretionary risk factors, i.e., those not readily altered, like family size and work environment, appear to underlie the disproportionate COVID-19 infection rates seen among Hispanic persons and, at surge onsets, Black persons.

Evaluation of the ACTH stimulation test using a low dose of a depot formulation in healthy dogs and in dogs with untreated Cushing's syndrome.

The sensitivity of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test to detect Cushing's Syndrome (CS) using a depot formulation needs to be evaluated. The aims of this study were to propose a reference interval (RI) for cortisol values 1-hour after administration of a low-dose of depot ACTH in healthy dogs, and to evaluate the sensitivity of this test to detect CS, differentiating among types of CS based on ultrasound findings. Forty-one healthy dogs (20 males, 21 females) were prospectively included.

Topical Administration of Accelerates the Healing of Chronic Diabetic Foot Ulcers through Modifications of Infection, Angiogenesis, Macrophage Phenotype and Neutrophil Response.

This work aimed to evaluate the adjuvant treatment to surgical debridement using topical applications of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ATCC 10241 cultures in complicated diabetic foot ulcers as compared to diabetic foot ulcers receiving surgical wound debridement. A randomised controlled trial was performed involving 22 outpatients with complicated diabetic foot ulcers that either received surgical debridement (SuDe, n = 12) or surgical debridement plus topical applications of L. plantarum cultures (SuDe + Lp, n = 10) every week during a 12 week treatment period.

Vitiligo and Metabolic Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been associated with various skin conditions including vitiligo. However, the association between these 2 conditions has yet to be determined by quantitative meta-analysis.

Objective: The aim of this paper was to determine the association between vitiligo and metabolic syndrome via systematic review and meta-analysis.

A mediastinal mass causing Budd-Chiari-like syndrome in a cat.

Background: Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is considered a rare condition in cats that is characterized by the obstruction of the hepatic venous outflow tract from the level of the small hepatic veins to the level of the termination of the inferior vena cava into the right atrium in the absence of cardiac or pericardial disease, or sinusoidal obstruction syndrome.

Case Description: This report presents a 13-year-old cat with a two-week history of progressive lethargy, inappetence, weight loss, and abdominal distension.

Findings/treatment And Outcome: The radiological study was consistent with pleural effusion, as well as alveolar and interstitial pulmonary patterns.

Teleconsultation in the Management of Elective Orthopedic and Spinal Conditions During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Prospective Cohort Study of Patient Experiences.

Background: The global adoption of teleconsultation has been expedited as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. By allowing remote communication, teleconsultation may help limit the spread of the virus while maintaining the crucial patient-provider relationship.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the value of teleconsultation compared to in-person visits in the management of elective orthopedic and spinal procedures.

Cranial Structure of as Revealed by Computed-Tomographic Imaging.

This study aimed to describe the anatomic features of the normal head of the Komodo dragon () identified by computed tomography. CT images were obtained in two dragons using a helical CT scanner. All sections were displayed with a bone and soft tissue windows setting.

Ultrasound evaluation of adrenal gland size in clinically healthy dogs and in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism.

Background: Precise reference intervals of adrenal gland thickness are required for detection of adrenomegaly in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism (HAC).

Methods: Eighty-six clinically healthy dogs were prospectively included, and 91 dogs with untreated HAC were retrospectively evaluated. Dorso-ventral adrenal gland thickness was ultrasonographically measured on the sagittal plane.

Inhibition of a spoilage exopolysaccharide producer by bioprotective extracts from Lactobacillus acidophilus CRL641 and Latilactobacillus curvatus CRL705 in vacuum-packaged refrigerated meat discs.

The effect of bioprotective extracts (BEs) from Lactobacillus acidophilus CRL641 (BE-1) and Latilactobacillus curvatus CRL705 (BE-2) against the exopolysaccharide producer Latilactobacillus sakei CRL1407 in vacuum-packaged meat discs at 4 °C was evaluated. Lat. sakei CRL1407 was able to grow in control samples from 2.

Bioprotective extracts from Lactobacillus acidophilus CRL641 and Latilactobacillus curvatus CRL705 inhibit a spoilage exopolysaccharide producer in a refrigerated meat system.

The effect of bioprotective extracts (BEs) from Latilactobacillus curvatus CRL705 and Lactobacillus acidophilus CRL641 against Latilactobacillus sakei CRL1407 was evaluated in a refrigerated meat model system under vacuum and aerobic conditions at 4 and 10 °C. As shown by culturing, the BE-1 from L. acidophilus completely inhibited the spoilage strain, while that from Lat.

Studying the heterogeneous pathogenesis of canine diabetes: Observational characterization of an island population.

Background: Canine diabetes mellitus has mostly been studied in northern European, Australian and American populations, whereas other regions have received less attention.

Objectives: We evaluated the epidemiological, clinical and histopathological features of diabetic dogs in Gran Canaria, Spain.

Methods: Prevalence and incidence were estimated.

Proteomic Analysis of FBUNT During Biofilm Formation at 10°C in Response to Lactocin AL705.

is one of the major food-related pathogens and is able to survive and multiply under different stress conditions. Its persistence in industrial premises and foods is partially due to its ability to form biofilm. Thus, as a natural strategy to overcome biofilm formation, the treatment with lactocin AL705 using a sublethal dose (20AU/ml) was explored.