Sulfonamide Derivatives: Recent Compounds with Potent Anti-alzheimer's Disease Activity.

Facile synthetic procedures and broad spectrum of biological activities are special attributes of sulfonamides. Sulfonamide derivatives have demonstrated potential as a class of compounds for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent sulfonamide derivatives have been reported as prospective anti-AD agents, with a focus on analogues that significantly inhibit the function of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes and exhibit remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, all of which are critical for the treatment of AD.

NRF2 Activation by Nitrogen Heterocycles: A Review.

Several nitrogen heterocyclic analogues have been applied to clinical practice, and about 75% of drugs approved by the FDA contain at least a heterocyclic moiety. Thus, nitrogen heterocycles are beneficial scaffolds that occupy a central position in the development of new drugs. The fact that certain nitrogen heterocyclic compounds significantly activate the NRF2/ARE signaling pathway and upregulate the expression of NRF2-dependent genes, especially HO-1 and NQO1, underscores the need to study the roles and pharmacological effects of -based heterocyclic moieties in NRF2 activation.

An Overview of NRF2-Activating Compounds Bearing α,β-Unsaturated Moiety and Their Antioxidant Effects.

The surge of scientific interest in the discovery of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2 (NFE2)-Related Factor 2 (NRF2)-activating molecules underscores the importance of NRF2 as a therapeutic target especially for oxidative stress. The chemical reactivity and biological activities of several bioactive compounds have been linked to the presence of α,β-unsaturated structural systems. The α,β-unsaturated carbonyl, sulfonyl and sulfinyl functional groups are reportedly the major α,β-unsaturated moieties involved in the activation of the NRF2 signaling pathway.

The Role of Organosulfur Compounds as Nrf2 Activators and Their Antioxidant Effects.

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling has become a key pathway for cellular regulation against oxidative stress and inflammation, and therefore an attractive therapeutic target. Several organosulfur compounds are reportedly activators of the Nrf2 pathway. Organosulfur compounds constitute an important class of therapeutic agents in medicinal chemistry due to their ability to participate in biosynthesis, metabolism, cellular functions, and protection of cells from oxidative damage.

Design, synthesis, and molecular docking of cysteine-based sulphonamide derivatives as antimicrobial agents.

Background And Purpose: The preponderance of microbial infections remains a global challenge. In the present study, synthesis of novel cysteine-based antimicrobial agents and their biological evaluation is reported.

Experimental Approach: The reaction of -toluenesulphonyl chloride with cysteine afforded 2-{[(4-methylphenyl)sulphonyl]amino}-3-sulphanylpropanoic acid which was acetylated based on Lumiere-Barbier method using acetic anhydride.

Activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway by natural and synthetic chalcones: a therapeutic road map for oxidative stress.

:Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway plays a key role in diverse gene expressions responsible for protection against oxidative stress and xenobiotics. Chalcones with a common chemical scaffold of 1,3-diaryl-2- propen-1-one, are abundantly present in nature with a wide variety of pharmacological properties. This review will discuss the interactions of natural and synthetic chalcones with Nrf2 signaling.