Inter-center comparison of proton range verification prototypes with an anthropomorphic head phantom.

. To compare in reproducible and equalized conditions the performance of two independent proton range verification systems based on prompt gamma-ray detectors from two different proton therapy centers..

The international reference system for beta-particle emitting radionuclides: Validation through the pilot study CCRI(II)-P1.Co-60.

The Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) is developing a new transfer instrument to extend its centralized services for assessing the international equivalence of radioactive standards to new radionuclides. A liquid scintillation counter using the triple/double coincidence ratio method is being studied and tested in the CCRI(II)-P1.Co-60 pilot study.

Characterization of prompt gamma ray emission for in vivo range verification in particle therapy: A simulation study.

In this paper we investigate the emission and detection characteristics of prompt gamma (PG) rays for in vivo range verification during hadron therapy, using Geant4 simulations. Proton, He and C beams of varying energy are incident on water phantoms. The PG production yield, energy spectral characteristics and spatial correlation with the Bragg Peak (BP) have been quantified.

Characterization of prompt gamma-ray emission with respect to the Bragg peak for proton beam range verification: A Monte Carlo study.

In this paper we report a Geant4 simulation study to investigate the characteristic prompt gamma (PG) emission in a water phantom for real-time monitoring of the Bragg peak (BP) during proton beam irradiation. The PG production, emission spatial correlation with the BP, and position preference for detection with respect to the BP have been quantified in different PG energy windows as a function of proton pencil-beam energy from 100 to 200MeV. The PG response to small BP shifts was evaluated using a 2cm-thick slab with different human body materials embedded in a water phantom.