The effect of paclitaxel- and fisetin-loaded PBM nanoparticles on apoptosis and reversal of drug resistance gene ABCG2 in ovarian cancer.

Background: High-grade serous ovarian cancer (OvCa) is the most common type of epithelial OvCa. It is usually diagnosed in advanced stages, leaving a woman's chance of survival below 50%. Despite traditional chemotherapeutic therapies, there is often a high recurrence rate following initial treatments.

Nano-Based Drug Delivery and Targeting to Overcome Drug Resistance of Ovarian Cancers.

Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is a destructive malignancy due to difficulties in early detection and late advanced-stage diagnoses, leading to high morbidity and mortality rates for women. Currently, the quality treatment for OvCa includes tumor debulking surgery and intravenous platinum-based chemotherapy. However, numerous patients either succumb to the disease or undergo relapse due to drug resistance, such as to platinum drugs.

Clinical Implication of Metformin in Relation to Diabetes Mellitus and Ovarian Cancer.

Since multiple reports established an association between diabetes mellitus and various cancers, emerging studies have surfaced to understand the effects of metformin as an anti-cancer agent. Although there was previous, but conflicting evidence, of a relationship between diabetes and ovarian cancer (OvCa), recent studies have supported this association. The mechanism of cancer development in patients with diabetes is likely to involve hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, chronic inflammation, reactive oxygen species, regulation of cellular homeostasis, and activation of various pathways that lead to tumor cell proliferation.