Is Intestinal Microbiota Fully Restored After Chickens Have Recovered from Coccidiosis?

The intestinal microbiota is known to be altered by -induced coccidiosis, but it remains unclear whether the microbiota is fully restored after recovery. To address this, 110 newly hatched Cobb male broiler chickens were challenged with 2 × 10 sporulated oocysts of (EM) strain M6 or mock-infected with saline on day 10. Body weight and feed intake were recorded.

Dynamic response of the intestinal microbiome to induced coccidiosis in chickens.

Unlabelled: is a major cause of coccidiosis in chickens and a key predisposing factor for other economically significant diseases such as necrotic enteritis. However, a detailed understanding of the intestinal microbiome response to infection is still lacking. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the dynamic changes of the intestinal microbiome for 14 days post-infection (dpi) with .

Nutritional Modulation of Host Defense Peptide Synthesis: A Novel Host-Directed Antimicrobial Therapeutic Strategy?

The escalating threat of antimicrobial resistance underscores the imperative for innovative therapeutic strategies. Host defense peptides (HDPs), integral components of innate immunity, exhibit profound antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. Various dietary compounds, such as short-chain fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, sugars, amino acids, phytochemicals, bile acids, probiotics, and prebiotics have been identified to enhance the synthesis of endogenous HDPs without provoking inflammatory response or compromising barrier integrity.

Strain specificity of lactobacilli with promoted colonization by galactooligosaccharides administration in protecting intestinal barriers during Salmonella infection.

Introduction: Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) are lactogenic prebiotics that exert health benefits by stimulating the growth of different Lactobacillus strains in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of action of different GOS-enriched lactobacilli in intestinal health.

Methods: Piglets and mice were supplemented with GOS to identify specific enrichment of Lactobacillus.

Epigenetic Regulation of Host Defense Peptide Synthesis: Synergy Between Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors and DNA/Histone Methyltransferase Inhibitors.

Host defense peptides (HDPs) are an integral part of the innate immune system acting as the first line of defense. Modulation of HDP synthesis has emerged as a promising host-directed approach to fight against infections. Inhibition of histone deacetylation or DNA methylation is known to enhance HDP gene expression.

Biogeography, succession, and origin of the chicken intestinal mycobiome.

Background: Extensive work has been accomplished to characterize the intestinal bacterial community, known as the microbiota, and its association with host health and disease. However, very little is known about the spatiotemporal development and the origin of a minor intestinal fungal community, known as the mycobiota, in humans and animals, particularly in avian species.

Results: In this study, we comprehensively characterized the biogeography and succession of the gastrointestinal (GI) mycobiota of broiler chickens and further revealed the fungal sources that are responsible for initial and long-term establishment of the mycobiota in the GI tract.

Butyrate, Forskolin, and Lactose Synergistically Enhance Disease Resistance by Inducing the Expression of the Genes Involved in Innate Host Defense and Barrier Function.

The rising concern of antimicrobial resistance highlights a need for effective alternatives to antibiotics for livestock production. Butyrate, forskolin, and lactose are three natural products known to induce the synthesis of host defense peptides (HDP), which are a critical component of innate immunity. In this study, the synergy among butyrate, forskolin, and lactose in enhancing innate host defense, barrier function, and resistance to necrotic enteritis and coccidiosis was investigated.

Perturbations of the ileal mycobiota by necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens.

Background: Intestinal microbiota is critical for maintaining animal health and homeostasis. However, involvement of the fungal community, also known as the mycobiota, in animal health and disease is poorly understood. This study was aimed to examine the association between the intestinal mycobiota and the severity of necrotic enteritis (NE), an economically significant poultry disease.

Identification of an Intestinal Microbiota Signature Associated With the Severity of Necrotic Enteritis.

Necrotic enteritis (NE), an economically devastating disease of poultry caused by pathogenic , is known to induce small intestinal lesions and dysbiosis. However, the intestinal microbes that are associated with NE severity are yet to be characterized. Here, we investigated the link between the ileal microbiota and disease severity in a chicken model of clinical NE using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

Linkage between the intestinal microbiota and residual feed intake in broiler chickens.

Background: Intestinal microbiota plays a key role in nutrient digestion and utilization with a profound impact on feed efficiency of livestock animals. However, the intestinal microbes that are critically involved in feed efficiency remain elusive.

Methods: To identify intestinal bacteria associated with residual feed intake (RFI) in chickens, male Cobb broiler chicks were individually housed from day 14 to day 35.