Effects of raloxifene on bone density, biomarkers, and histomorphometric and biomechanical measures in ovariectomized cynomolgus monkeys.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of raloxifene on bone density, strength, metabolism, and histomorphometric characteristics in ovariectomized cynomolgus monkeys.

Design: A prospective, longitudinal study was designed to examine the effects of conjugated equine estrogens (0.04 mg/kg, CEE) and raloxifene (1 or 5 mg/kg, R1 and R5, respectively) on bone density, biomarkers, histomorphometry, and strength.