Surviving the Potato Stems: Differences in Genes Required for Fitness by and .

Bacteria belonging to the genus cause blackleg and soft rot symptoms on many plant hosts, including potato. Although there is considerable knowledge about the genetic determinants that allow to colonize host plants, as well as the genes that contribute to virulence, much is still unknown. To identify the genes important for fitness in potato stems, we constructed and evaluated randomly barcoded transposon mutant (RB-TnSeq) libraries of and .

Helper NLRs Nrc2 and Nrc3 act codependently with Prf/Pto and activate MAPK signaling to induce immunity in tomato.

Plant intracellular immune receptors, primarily nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat proteins (NLRs), detect pathogen effector proteins and activate NLR-triggered immunity (NTI). Recently, 'sensor' NLRs have been reported to function with 'helper' NLRs to activate immunity. We investigated the role of two helper NLRs, Nrc2 and Nrc3, on immunity in tomato to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv.

Complete Genome Sequence Resource for Isolated from Greek Oregano.

In spring 2019, necrotic leaf spots were detected on Greek oregano ( var. ) plants in a commercial greenhouse operation. An isolate was recovered from the diseased plants.

Pseudomonas syringae Type III Secretion Protein HrpP Manipulates Plant Immunity To Promote Infection.

The bacterial plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae deploys a type III secretion system (T3SS) to deliver effector proteins into plant cells to facilitate infection, for which many effectors have been characterized for their interactions. However, few T3SS Hrp (ypersensitive esponse and athogenicity) proteins from the T3SS secretion apparatus have been studied for their direct interactions with plants. Here, we show that the P.

Genomic insights into a Pseudomonas amygdali isolate from Hibiscus rosa-sinensis.

The taxonomy of Pseudomonas has been extensively studied, yet the determination of species is currently difficult because of recent taxonomic changes and the lack of complete genomic sequence data. We isolated a bacterium causing a leaf spot disease on hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis). Whole genome sequencing revealed similarity to Pseudomonas amygdali pv.

Genome-Wide Identification of Genes Important for Growth of and in Potato () Tubers.

species are causal agents of soft rot diseases in many economically important crops, including soft rot disease of potato (). Using random barcode transposon-site sequencing (RB-TnSeq), we generated genome-wide mutant fitness profiles of 3937, ME23, and 67-19 isolates collected after passage through several and conditions. Though all three strains are pathogenic on potato, 3937 is a well-characterized model while strains ME23 and 67-19 are recent isolates.

Identification of Indole-3-Acetic Acid-Regulated Genes in pv. tomato Strain DC3000.

The auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is a plant hormone that not only regulates plant growth and development but also plays important roles in plant-microbe interactions. We previously reported that IAA alters expression of several virulence-related genes in the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain DC3000 (DC3000).

First Report of Dickeya dianthicola causing blackleg on New Guinea Impatiens (Impatiens hawkeri) in New York State, USA.

New Guinea impatiens (NGI), Impatiens hawkeri, has a $54-million wholesale market value in the United States (National Agricultural Statistics Service, 2019) and is highly resistant to Impatiens downy mildew (Plasmopara obducens) according to growers' experience (Warfield, 2011). In March 2019, NGI cv. Petticoat White in a New York greenhouse showed wilting, black stem streaks and vascular discoloration, with a 20% disease incidence.

Complete Genome Sequence Resource for the Necrotrophic Plant-Pathogenic Bacterium 67-19 Isolated From New Guinea Impatiens.

New Guinea impatiens (NGI, ) are popular bedding plants that can be affected by a number of pathogens. Using 16S rDNA sequencing and genus-specific PCR, we identified the first strain isolated from NGI presented with blackleg symptoms, herein designated as 67-19. Here, we report a high-quality complete and annotated genome sequence of 67-19.

Complete Genome Sequence Resource for the Necrotrophic Plant-Pathogenic Bacterium WPP14.

spp. are a major cause of loss in vegetable and ornamental plant production. One of these species, , can cause soft rot disease on many plants, particularly potato.

Antibacterial activity and mode of action of potassium tetraborate tetrahydrate against soft-rot bacterial plant pathogens.

Bacterial soft rot caused by the bacteria and is a destructive disease of vegetables, as well as ornamental plants. Several management options exist to help control these pathogens. Because of the limited success of these approaches, there is a need for the development of alternative methods to reduce losses.

Complete Genome Sequence of a Gram-Positive Bacterium, sp. Strain PS1209, a Potato Endophyte.

We report the complete and annotated genome sequence of a Gram-positive bacterium, sp. strain PS1209, a potato endophyte that was isolated from apparently healthy tubers of potato cultivar NY166. The circular genome is 4,091,164 bp long, with a GC content of 69.

Complete Genome Sequence of the Necrotrophic Plant-Pathogenic Bacterium Pectobacterium brasiliense 1692.

We report here the complete and annotated genome sequence of 1692, a Gram-negative enterobacterium that can cause soft rot disease in many plant hosts.

Prevention of Surface-Associated Calcium Phosphate by the Pseudomonas syringae Two-Component System CvsSR.

CvsSR is a Ca-induced two-component system (TCS) in the plant pathogen pv. tomato DC3000. Here, we discovered that CvsSR is induced by Fe, Zn, and Cd However, only supplementation of Ca to medium resulted in rugose, opaque colonies in Δ and Δ strains.

Physiological and genetic characterization of calcium phosphate precipitation by Pseudomonas species.

Microbial biomineralization is a widespread phenomenon. The ability to induce calcium precipitation around bacterial cells has been reported in several Pseudomonas species but has not been thoroughly tested. We assayed 14 Pseudomonas strains representing five different species for the ability to precipitate calcium.

Transcriptomic Profiling Suggests That Promysalin Alters the Metabolic Flux, Motility, and Iron Regulation in Pseudomonas putida KT2440.

Promysalin, a secondary metabolite produced by P. putida RW10S1, is a narrow-spectrum antibiotic that targets P. aeruginosa over other Pseudomonas spp.

Ca-Induced Two-Component System CvsSR Regulates the Type III Secretion System and the Extracytoplasmic Function Sigma Factor AlgU in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000.

Two-component systems (TCSs) of bacteria regulate many different aspects of the bacterial life cycle, including pathogenesis. Most TCSs remain uncharacterized, with no information about the signal(s) or regulatory targets and/or role in bacterial pathogenesis. Here, we characterized a TCS in the plant-pathogenic bacterium pv.

The ECF sigma factor, PSPTO_1043, in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 is induced by oxidative stress and regulates genes involved in oxidative stress response.

The bacterial plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae adapts to changes in the environment by modifying its gene expression profile. In many cases, the response is mediated by the activation of extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors that direct RNA polymerase to transcribe specific sets of genes. In this study we focus on PSPTO_1043, one of ten ECF sigma factors in P.

Virulence of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 Is Influenced by the Catabolite Repression Control Protein Crc.

Pseudomonas syringae infects diverse plant species and is widely used as a model system in the study of effector function and the molecular basis of plant diseases. Although the relationship between bacterial metabolism, nutrient acquisition, and virulence has attracted increasing attention in bacterial pathology, it is largely unexplored in P. syringae.

The conserved hypothetical protein PSPTO_3957 is essential for virulence in the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000.

The plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae accounts for substantial crop losses and is considered an important agricultural issue. To better manage disease in the field, it is important to have an understanding of the underlying genetic mechanisms that mediate virulence. There are a substantial number of genes in sequenced bacterial genomes, including P.

Disruption of the carA gene in Pseudomonas syringae results in reduced fitness and alters motility.

Background: Pseudomonas syringae infects diverse plant species and is widely used in the study of effector function and the molecular basis of disease. Although the relationship between bacterial metabolism, nutrient acquisition and virulence has attracted increasing attention in bacterial pathology, there is limited knowledge regarding these studies in Pseudomonas syringae. The aim of this study was to investigate the function of the carA gene and the small RNA P32, and characterize the regulation of these transcripts.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA1006, which plays a role in molybdenum homeostasis, is required for nitrate utilization, biofilm formation, and virulence.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pae) is a clinically important opportunistic pathogen. Herein, we demonstrate that the PA1006 protein is critical for all nitrate reductase activities, growth as a biofilm in a continuous flow system, as well as virulence in mouse burn and rat lung model systems. Microarray analysis revealed that ΔPA1006 cells displayed extensive alterations in gene expression including nitrate-responsive, quorum sensing (including PQS production), and iron-regulated genes, as well as molybdenum cofactor and Fe-S cluster biosynthesis factors, members of the TCA cycle, and Type VI Secretion System components.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA1006 is a persulfide-modified protein that is critical for molybdenum homeostasis.

A companion manuscript revealed that deletion of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pae) PA1006 gene caused pleiotropic defects in metabolism including a loss of all nitrate reductase activities, biofilm maturation, and virulence. Herein, several complementary approaches indicate that PA1006 protein serves as a persulfide-modified protein that is critical for molybdenum homeostasis in Pae. Mutation of a highly conserved Cys22 to Ala or Ser resulted in a loss of PA1006 activity.

CrcZ and CrcX regulate carbon source utilization in Pseudomonas syringae pathovar tomato strain DC3000.

Small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are important components of many regulatory pathways in bacteria and play key roles in regulating factors important for virulence. Carbon catabolite repression control is modulated by small RNAs (crcZ or crcZ and crcY) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas putida. In this study, we demonstrate that expression of crcZ and crcX (formerly designated psr1 and psr2, respectively) is dependent upon RpoN together with the two-component system CbrAB, and is influenced by the carbon source present in the medium in the model plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000.

Analysis of the small RNA P16/RgsA in the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain DC3000.

Bacteria contain small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that are responsible for altering transcription, translation or mRNA stability. ncRNAs are important because they regulate virulence factors and susceptibility to various stresses. Here, the regulation of a recently described ncRNA of Pseudomonas syringae pv.