Reuse of syringes for therapeutic injections in Pakistan: rethinking determinants.

Background: Frequent reuse of syringes during medical injections is fuelling epidemics of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus infections in many low- and middle-income countries including Pakistan.

Aims: To explore specific factors related to syringe reuse during therapeutic injections.

Methods: We randomly surveyed 319 healthcare providers from 2 socioeconomically diverse districts in Pakistan, along with 625 of their patients.

Family planning in Pakistan: applying what we have learned.

Despite six decades of government and private sector programs, CPR in Pakistan is among the lowest in the region. This article reviews published and grey literature to understand why despite sufficient time and usually sufficient funding, CPR remains low in Pakistan. This paper looks beyond the usual factors of quality of services, coverage and supplies and management issues to examine how family planning may be improved in Pakistan.