The display and advertising of roll-your-own tobacco at points-of-sale in Argentina, Guatemala, Mexico, and Peru.

Introduction: While roll-your-own tobacco consumption is highest in Europe, increased sales are reported in Latin America. We are unaware of any research that explores the display and advertising of roll-your-own tobacco in this region.

Methods: An observational study was conducted at tobacco-selling points-of-sale (N=2,081) near schools in cities in Argentina, Guatemala, Mexico, and Peru between April and July 2023.

LONG-TERM SURVIVAL AFTER LAPAROSCOPIC TOTAL GASTRECTOMY FOR EARLY AND ADVANCED GASTRIC CANCER. SINGLE CENTER EXPERIENCE IN 100 CASES.

Background: Laparoscopic gastrectomy offers advantages in the postoperative period compared to the open approach. Most studies have been performed on distal gastrectomies; however, laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) is not universally accepted. AIM: The aim of this study was to assess the results of LTG, on postoperative morbidity outcomes and long-term survival.

Molecular Testing of Environmental Samples as a Potential Source to Estimate Parasite Infection.

We discuss the potential usefulness of molecular testing of soil, dust, and water samples to detect medically important parasites, and where such testing could be used to supplement stool sampling in humans. A wide variety of parasites including protozoa and helminths, many of which are zoonotic, have an important infection reservoir in the environment. In some cases, this environmental period is essential for further parasite development.

Parasitic Contamination of Soil in the Southern United States.

Parasites are generally associated with lower income countries in tropical and subtropical areas. Still, they are also prevalent in low-income communities in the southern United States. Studies characterizing the epidemiology of parasites in the United States are limited, resulting in little comprehensive understanding of the problem.

Bayesian mapping of protein kinases to vasopressin-regulated phosphorylation sites in renal collecting duct.

Vasopressin controls water permeability in the renal collecting duct by regulating the water channel protein, aquaporin-2 (AQP2). Phosphoproteomic studies have identified multiple proteins that undergo phosphorylation changes in response to vasopressin. The kinases responsible for the phosphorylation of most of these sites have not been identified.

Smoking patterns by birth cohort in Argentina: an age-period-cohort population-based modeling study.

Background: Argentina's smoking rates remain high. We aim to estimate Argentina age-specific histories of smoking initiation, cessation, prevalence, and intensity by birth-cohort to inform policy interventions.

Methods: Modeling study.

The burden of premature coronary heart disease among adults with low socioeconomic status in Argentina: A modeling study.

Background: The well-established inverse relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and risk of developing coronary heart disease (CHD) cannot be explained solely by differences in traditional risk factors.

Objective: To model the role SES plays in the burden of premature CHD in Argentina.

Materials And Methods: We used the Cardiovascular Disease Policy Model-Argentina to project incident CHD events and mortality in low and high-SES Argentinean adults 35 to 64 years of age from 2015 to 2024.

Molecular detection of intestinal parasites in a rural community of Colombia: A one health approach to explore potential environmental-zoonotic transmission.

Aims: Protozoan and helminth parasitic infections pose significant public health challenges, especially in developing countries with rural populations marked by suboptimal hygiene practices and socio-economic constraints. The parasites are the etiological agents of these infections and have a notably elevated global prevalence. Therefore, this study focuses on estimating the frequency and transmission dynamics of several parasitic species, including Blastocystis, Giardia, Cryptosporidium spp.

Alveolar epithelial cells of lung fibrosis patients are susceptible to severe virus-induced injury.

Patients with pulmonary fibrosis (PF) often experience exacerbations of their disease, characterised by a rapid, severe deterioration in lung function that is associated with high mortality. Whilst the pathobiology of such exacerbations is poorly understood, virus infection is a trigger. The present study investigated virus-induced injury responses of alveolar and bronchial epithelial cells (AECs and BECs, respectively) from patients with PF and age-matched controls (Ctrls).

Performance of a stool-based quantitative PCR assay for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in adolescents and adults: a multinational, prospective diagnostic accuracy study.

Background: Despite increasing availability of rapid molecular tests for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in high-burden settings, many people with tuberculosis are undiagnosed. Reliance on sputum as the primary specimen for tuberculosis diagnostics contributes to this diagnostic gap. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy and additive yield of a novel stool quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in three countries in Africa with high tuberculosis burdens.

Evaluation of a novel Tc-24 recombinant antigen ELISA for serologic testing for in dogs.

Chagas disease is a parasitic infection caused by . Diagnosis of chronic Chagas disease in dogs relies on limited serological test options. This study used a new Tc-24 recombinant antigen ELISA on an archival set of 70 dog serum samples from multi-dog kennel environments in Texas subjected to three existing Chagas serological tests.

Environmental Detection of Parasites in the Marginalized Paiute Reservations Compared to a Nearby Area.

The amounts of parasite DNA in soil samples from different playgrounds and other public areas can help identify areas of possible microbe transmission and give indications of the possible occurrence of parasite infection in nearby communities. We collected 207 soil samples from parks in Paiute indigenous tribal areas in southwestern Utah and from the higher income city of St. George, Utah, and tested them for 11 parasites that can cause human disease.

Geographic Distribution of Human Infections with Zoonotic Ancylostoma ceylanicum and Anthropophilic Hookworms in Ecuador: A Retrospective Analysis of Archived Stool Samples.

Zoonotic human infections with Ancylostoma ceylanicum have recently been reported in the Americas. We used archived human stool samples to study the geographic distribution of human infections with A. ceylanicum and anthropophilic hookworms in different geoclimatic regions (coastal, Andean, and Amazon) of Ecuador.

Epidemiology of giardiasis and assemblages A and B and effects on diarrhea and growth trajectories during the first 8 years of life: Analysis of a birth cohort in a rural district in tropical Ecuador.

Background: There are limited longitudinal data on the acquisition of Giardia lamblia infections in childhood using molecular assays to detect and type assemblages, and measure effects of infections on diarrhea risk and childhood growth.

Methods: We analysed stool samples from a surveillance sample within a birth cohort in a rural district in tropical Ecuador. The cohort was followed to 8 years of age for the presence of G.

Environmental detection of parasites in the marginalized Paiute reservations compared to a nearby area.

The amounts of parasite DNA in soil samples from different playgrounds and other public areas can help identify areas of possible microbe transmission as well as giving indications of possible occurrence of parasite infection in nearby communities. We collected 207 soil samples from parks located on Paiute indigenous tribal areas in southwest Utah and from higher income city of St. George, Utah, and tested them for the presence of 11 parasites that can cause human disease.

The validity of self-rated alcohol susceptibility in predicting alcohol use in early adolescents in Latin America.

Background: The measurement of substance use susceptibility was first conceived as part of the preparatory stage that precedes youth smoking initiation and is defined as the lack of a firm commitment not to smoke in the future. Despite being a consistent and validated predictor of smoking initiation, there has been little research on whether susceptibility can predict alcohol use. This study assessed the validity of an adapted alcohol susceptibility measure to predict alcohol consumption among early adolescent students in Argentina and Mexico who had not previously consumed alcohol.

Updated taxonomy of digital mental health interventions: a conceptual framework.

Most individuals at risk for or already experiencing mental disorders have no access to mental health care. Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) can be effective in preventing and treating mental disorders. A taxonomy of digital interventions was previously proposed to organize the different types of digital tools being developed to expand mental health service delivery.