[Costs of oral and nasogastric rehydration compared to intravenous rehydration in children under 5 years of age with diarrhea in Colombia].

Objective: To evaluate the costs of oral rehydration therapy (ORT) and nasogastric rehydration therapy (NRT) compared with intravenous rehydration therapy (IRT) to treat dehydration in children under 5 years of age with diarrhea.

Methodology: Cost-minimization analysis from the perspective of the Colombian Health System, comparing ORT, (followed by NRT when ORT fails), with IRT. The time horizon was the duration of rehydration.

COST-UTILITY ANALYSIS OF PRIMARY PROPHYLAXIS, COMPARED WITH ON-DEMAND TREATMENT, FOR PATIENTS WITH SEVERE HEMOPHILIA TYPE A IN COLOMBIA.

Objectives: This article presents a cost-utility analysis from the Colombian health system perspective comparing primary prophylaxis to on-demand treatment using exogenous clotting factor VIII (FVIII) for patients with severe hemophilia type A.

Methods: We developed a Markov model to estimate expected costs and outcomes (measured as quality-adjusted life-years, QALYs) for each strategy. Transition probabilities were estimated using published studies; utility weights were obtained from a sample of Colombian patients with hemophilia and costs were gathered using local data.

A LAG FUNCTIONAL LINEAR MODEL FOR PREDICTION OF MAGNETIZATION TRANSFER RATIO IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS LESIONS.

We propose a lag functional linear model to predict a response using multiple functional predictors observed at discrete grids with noise. Two procedures are proposed to estimate the regression parameter functions: (1) an approach that ensures smoothness for each value of time using generalized cross-validation; and (2) a global smoothing approach using a restricted maximum likelihood framework. Numerical studies are presented to analyze predictive accuracy in many realistic scenarios.

Independent Association of Severity of Muscle Weakness With Disability as Measured by the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index in Scleroderma.

Objective: To determine whether the presence and degree of muscle weakness in scleroderma is associated with disability.

Methods: The study included a cohort of 1,718 scleroderma patients who had available data on muscle strength and disability. The primary independent variable was muscle weakness as defined by the maximum Medsger muscle severity score and the outcome was disability as measured by the last recorded Health Assessment Questionnaire disability index (HAQ DI) score.

Preventing interpersonal violence in Panama: is a parenting intervention developed in Australia culturally appropriate?

Objectives: To explore cultural appropriateness of a transported parenting intervention in Panama.

Methods: Panamanian parents (n = 25) were interviewed after participation in an Australian parenting intervention. A thematic analysis was conducted to interpret qualitative data.

Progestogen safety and tolerance in hormonal replacement therapy.

Today, it is a mandatory practice to prescribe a combination of estrogens and progestogens for menopausal women requiring hormone therapy and with a uterus. The WHI study and its reanalysis demonstrate a big difference in results between the conjugated equin estrogen (CEE) only vs.CEE plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) arms in relation with breast cancer and cardiovascular risk.

Statistical estimation of white matter microstructure from conventional MRI.

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has become the predominant modality for studying white matter integrity in multiple sclerosis (MS) and other neurological disorders. Unfortunately, the use of DTI-based biomarkers in large multi-center studies is hindered by systematic biases that confound the study of disease-related changes. Furthermore, the site-to-site variability in multi-center studies is significantly higher for DTI than that for conventional MRI-based markers.

Hand compression neuropathy: An assessment guide.

When a patient presents with pain or paresthesias of the hand and fingers, knowing what to ask, what to look for, and which tests to consider is essential.

Bottled SAFT: A Web App Providing SAFT-γ Mie Force Field Parameters for Thousands of Molecular Fluids.

Coarse-grained molecular simulation has become a popular tool for modeling simple and complex fluids alike. The defining aspects of a coarse grained model are the force field parameters, which must be determined for each particular fluid. Because the number of molecular fluids of interest in nature and in engineering processes is immense, constructing force field parameter tables by individually fitting to experimental data is a futile task.

Safety and Pharmacodynamics of the PDE4 Inhibitor Roflumilast in Advanced B-cell Malignancies.

In this study, we aimed to validate our extensive preclinical data on phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) as actionable target in B-cell malignancies. Our specific objectives were to determine the safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics (PI3K/AKT activity), as well as to capture any potential antitumor activity of the PDE4 inhibitor roflumilast in combination with prednisone in patients with advanced B-cell malignancies. Single-center, exploratory phase Ib open-label, nonrandomized study.

Different Strokes for Different Folks? Contrasting Approaches to Cultural Adaptation of Parenting Interventions.

Relevant achievements have been accomplished in prevention science with regard to disseminating efficacious parenting interventions among underserved populations. However, widespread disparities in availability of parenting services continue to negatively impact diverse populations in high-income countries (e.g.

p53-independent ibrutinib responses in an Eμ-TCL1 mouse model demonstrates efficacy in high-risk CLL.

Deletion of the short-arm of chromosome 17 (17p-) is one of the most critical genetic alterations used in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) risk stratification. The tumor suppressor TP53 maps to this region, and its loss or mutation accelerates CLL progression, hampers response to chemotherapy and shortens survival. Although florescent in situ hybridization analyses for 17p deletions are routinely performed during clinical diagnoses, p53 mutational status is often unexamined.

Distress in significant others of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: A systematic review of the literature.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to systematically review existing empirical research assessing levels and correlates of distress in significant others of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME).

Methods: Systematic searches in CINAHL, Web of Science and PsycINFO were conducted in August 2014. The search was repeated in January 2015 to check for newly published articles.

Exploration of Mechanisms behind Changes after Participation in a Parenting Intervention: A Qualitative Study in a Low-Resource Setting.

Parenting interventions are effective for preventing psychological difficulties in children. However, their active ingredients have not been comprehensively explored. How do they work? What are the mechanisms operating behind changes? In 2012, a randomized controlled trial of a parenting intervention was conducted in low-resource communities of Panama.

Social cognitive predictors of academic and life satisfaction: Measurement and structural equivalence across three racial/ethnic groups.

Data of 306 Caucasian American, 284 Asian American, and 259 Latino/a American college students were analyzed in this study to test a modified version of Lent and Brown's (2006, 2008) satisfaction model in the academic context. In addition to the full set of variables hypothesized in the original model, the modified academic satisfaction model also included independent and interdependent self-construals to represent one's cultural orientations. Comparisons between the hypothesized model and 2 alternative models showed that direct paths from extraversion and emotional stability added significantly to the predictions of academic satisfaction and life satisfaction for all 3 racial/ethnic groups while those from independent and interdependent self-construals also had the same effects for Latino/a American students.

Association Analysis of Polymorphisms in TOMM40, CR1, PVRL2, SORL1, PICALM, and 14q32.13 Regions in Colombian Alzheimer Disease Patients.

Objective: We evaluated the association of several single-nucleotide polymorphisms in different genes including APOE, TOMM40, CR1, PVRL2, SORL1, PICALM, and GWA_14q32.13 in a Colombian sample of Late-Onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD) patients.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted in 362 individuals (181 LOADs and 181 controls) to determine the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in APOE (e2, e3, and e4), TOMM40 (rs2075650), CR1 (rs665640), PVRL2 (rs6859), SORL1 (rs11218304), PICALM (rs3851179), and GWA_14q32.

In Vitro Study of Taenia solium Postoncospheral Form.

Background: The transitional period between the oncosphere and the cysticercus of Taenia solium is the postoncospheral (PO) form, which has not yet been completely characterized. The aim of this work was to standardize a method to obtain T. solium PO forms by in vitro cultivation.

Genetic variation among 82 pharmacogenes: The PGRNseq data from the eMERGE network.

Genetic variation can affect drug response in multiple ways, although it remains unclear how rare genetic variants affect drug response. The electronic Medical Records and Genomics (eMERGE) Network, collaborating with the Pharmacogenomics Research Network, began eMERGE-PGx, a targeted sequencing study to assess genetic variation in 82 pharmacogenes critical for implementation of "precision medicine." The February 2015 eMERGE-PGx data release includes sequence-derived data from ∼5,000 clinical subjects.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of ticagrelor compared to clopidogrel for the treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome in Colombia.

Introduction: Acute coronary syndrome is one of the most frequent medical emergencies in developing countries.

Objective: To determine, from the perspective of the Colombian health system, the cost-effectiveness of ticagrelor compared to clopidogrel for the treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis from the perspective of the Colombian health system comparing ticagrelor and clopidogrel for the treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Brain Abscess in a Patient with Rendu-Osler-Weber Syndrome: Value of Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.

The diagnosis of intracranial focal lesions based on imaging studies is a challenge. In brain abscess, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) is useful to define etiology, differentiating anaerobic from aerobic pathogens and inclusive sterile abscess based on the behavior of certain metabolites. We report a patient with Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome, pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas, and brain abscesses characterized by brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), with a spectroscopy pattern compatible with anaerobic infection.

Statistical estimation of T1 relaxation times using conventional magnetic resonance imaging.

Quantitative T1 maps estimate T1 relaxation times and can be used to assess diffuse tissue abnormalities within normal-appearing tissue. T1 maps are popular for studying the progression and treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, their inclusion in standard imaging protocols remains limited due to the additional scanning time and expert calibration required and susceptibility to bias and noise.

Effects of seasonal ambient heat stress (spring vs. summer) on physiological and metabolic variables in hair sheep located in an arid region.

Twenty Dorper × Pelibuey primiparous ewes were used to evaluate effects of seasonal ambient heat stress (i.e., spring vs.

Understanding the interfacial behavior in isopycnic Lennard-Jones mixtures by computer simulations.

The physical characterization of the singular interfacial behavior of heterogeneous fluid systems is a very important step in preliminary stages of the design process, and also in the subsequent procedures for the determination of the optimal operating conditions. Molar isopycnicity or molar density inversion is a special case of phase equilibrium behavior that directly affects the relative position of phases in heterogeneous mixtures, without being affected by gravitational fields. This work is dedicated to characterize the impact of molar density inversion on the interfacial properties of Lennard-Jones binary mixtures.

[Not Available].

Introduction: Ondansetron reduces hospitalization rates for diarrhea and vomiting in children, but is not yet routinely used.

Objective: To estimate from a social perspective the relative cost-effectiveness of ondansetron for the treatment of vomiting in children with gastroenteritis and at risk of dehydration in Colombia.

Methods: Cost-effectiveness analysis from a social perspective, including direct medical costs and costs for caregivers.