Cognitive training with adaptive algorithm improves cognitive ability in older people with MCI.

Recent discoveries indicating that the brain retains its ability to adapt and change throughout life have sparked interest in cognitive training (CT) as a possible means to postpone the development of dementia. Despite this, most research has focused on confirming the efficacy of training outcomes, with few studies examining the correlation between performance and results across various stages of training. In particular, the relationship between initial performance and the extent of improvement, the rate of learning, and the asymptotic performance level throughout the learning curve remains ambiguous.

ROS-sensitive PD-L1 siRNA cationic selenide nanogels for self-inhibition of autophagy and prevention of immune escape.

In the field of cancer therapy, inhibiting autophagy has emerged as a promising strategy. However, pharmacological disruption of autophagy can lead to the upregulation of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), enabling tumor immune evasion. To address this issue, we developed innovative ROS-responsive cationic poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) nanogels using selenol chemistry-mediated multicomponent reaction (MCR) technology.

Strong chiroptical nonlinearity in coherently stacked boron nitride nanotubes.

Nanomaterials with a large chiroptical response and high structural stability are desirable for advanced miniaturized optical and optoelectronic applications. One-dimensional (1D) nanotubes are robust crystals with inherent and continuously tunable chiral geometries. However, their chiroptical response is typically weak and hard to control, due to the diverse structures of the coaxial tubes.

Ecological experiential learning and tourists' pro-environmental behavior intentions: The mediating roles of awe and nature connection.

Due to the important role of tourists' behavior plays in marine protected areas (MPAs) and the increasing popularity of ecological experiential learning (EEL) journeys, this study aims to investigate whether and how EEL impact tourists' pro-environmental behavior (PEB) intentions through both emotional and cognitive pathways. To achieve this, four nature education trips with EEL content were organized, and PEB intentions of 228 tourists to MPAs were analyzed using surveys. The findings revealed that the low-effort PEB intentions of individuals under 24 years old were significantly lower compared to those of older tourists.

Autophagy-Modulated Biomaterial: A Robust Weapon for Modulating the Wound Environment to Promote Skin Wound Healing.

Autophagy, a self-renewal mechanism, can help to maintain the stability of the intracellular environment of organisms. Autophagy can also regulate several cellular functions and is strongly related to the onset and progression of several diseases. Wound healing is a biological process that is coregulated by different types of cells.

Application of Cell Membrane-Coated Nanomaterials for Tumor Treatment.

Tumors are a major cause of human mortality worldwide, and the rapid development of nanomaterials (NMs) for tumor therapy and drug delivery has provided new treatment methods. However, NMs' high immunogenicity, short circulation time, and low specificity limit their application in tumor therapy. In recent years, bionanomaterials using cell membranes have emerged to overcome the shortcomings of monomeric NMs.

Development of a nornicotine-reduced flue-cured tobacco line via EMS mutagenesis of nicotine N-demethylase genes.

Substantial progress had been made in reducing nornicotine accumulation in burley tobacco, as nornicotine is a precursor of the carcinogen N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN). Three members of the family encoding nicotine N-demethylase (NND) have been reported to be responsible for the majority of nicotine demethylation that forms nornicotine in burley tobacco. We had obtained a nonsense mutant of each NND member in flue-cured tobacco from an ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-mutagenized population.

Ethylene response factor NtERF91 positively regulates alkaloid accumulations in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.).

Tobacco alkaloid metabolism is regulated by various transcription factors (TFs). Here, we have characterized a non-NIC2 locus gene, Ethylene Response Factor 91 (ERF91), function in regulation of alkaloid accumulation in tobacco. NtERF91 was preferentially expressed in roots and induced by jasmonic acid.

Disseminated Bacille Calmette-Guérin infection in a patient with severe combined immunodeficiency caused by JAK3 gene mutation.

Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), a live attenuated vaccine prepared using Mycobacterium bovis, can prevent tuberculosis in children and is routinely administered to infants in China and many other countries. A serious complication following vaccination is disseminated BCG infection. The risk is greatly increased in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), a syndrome characterized by deficiency of both humoral and cellular immunity.

miR-186 inhibits cell proliferation of prostate cancer by targeting GOLPH3.

Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths among men, many miRNAs have been demonstrated to play critical role in the progression of prostate cancer, miR-186 suppresses the progression of many tumors, such as bladder cancer and glioma. Previous study shows miR-186 is downregulated in prostate cancer tissues, and is a good prognosis for prostate cancer patients. In this study, we found miR-186 was downregulated in prostate cancer cells and tissues, overexpression of miR-186 inhibited cell proliferation and tumorigenesis in vitro determined by MTT assay, colony formation assay and soft agar growth assay, whereas knockdown of miR-186 reduced these effects.

Complete mitochondrial genome of Cryptolestes pusillus (Coleoptera: Laemophloeidae).

In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of Cryptolestes pusillus (GenBank accession number KT070713) was sequenced by long PCR and primer walking methods. The total length of mitochondrial DNA is 15 502 bp and contains 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and a A + T-rich region. The base composition of the genome is A (39.

Tranexamic acid can treat ultraviolet radiation-induced pigmentation in guinea pigs.

Exposure of human skin to ultraviolet (UV) radiation causes erythema and pigmentation. Guinea pigs are recognized as having pigmentation similar to that of humans, after exposure to UV radiation. Recently, the curative effect of oral treatment of tranexamic acid in skin pigmentation was confirmed by many doctors in China.

Angiogenin is expressed in human dermal papilla cells and stimulates hair growth.

The perifollicular vasculature undergoes hair-cycle dependent expansion and degeneration. Multiple soluble factors derived from dermal papilla cells (DPCs) may act on surrounding blood vessels to influence angiogenesis, growth and differentiation, and thereby regulate cyclic hair growth. The goal of this study was to examine the expression of angiogenin, a potent angiogenic factor, in human DPCs, and to determine its role in hair growth.

[Effect of hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha on cells of hair follicle].

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of stable transfection of human hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) gene into fibroblasts cells and the effects of supernatant from the transfected cell culture on hair follicle cells.

Methods: PcDNA-HIF1alpha was stably transfected into fibroblasts cells with lipofectamine 2000. Expression of HIF-1alpha was observed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot.